Description
I have attached a feedback from the prof on the last form completed, Can you please incorporate the feedback into the form and red the the form
I attached the previous completed form here.
This is a quantitative study.
Article used should be within the five years
Use the feedback you received, to help complete the Significance section of your Prospectus Form.
Using the most current draft of your Prospectus Form, explain the significance of your study. As you do so, be sure to describe the following:
The impact you expect it to have on your field
The anticipated new knowledge it will contribute
The projected benefits
The implications for positive social change
Basically we are redoing the form and using the feedback provided to make correction in the areas that is indicated, and they including the significance of the study to the form.
Unformatted Attachment Preview
Supporting Literature
Please review the example in the Appendix at the end of this form.
Please use the following system to clarify the content and show exactly how each relates to your proposed study. This
format is required for PD review. Be concise. APA reference entry, followed by (a) an in-text citation; (b) what was
studied; (c) what was found; and (d) why this research is important in relation to your study. This evidence justifies
your research problem.
Examples included for articles cited (at least 10 brief summaries are required, as well as APA references for
any in-text citations)
Arrieta, M. I., Foreman, R. D., Crook, E. D., & Icenogle, M. L. (2008). Insuring continuity of care for chronic
disease patients after a disaster: Key preparedness elements. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences,
336(2), 128-133. https://doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e318180f209
Arrieta et al., (2008); (b) studied challenges after Hurricane Katrina for individuals with chronic diseases; (c)
they found Predisaster issues were patient education and preparedness, evacuation, special needs shelters,
and health care provider preparedness. Postdisaster issues were communication, volunteer coordination, and
donation management; and (d) this is important for my study because diabetes is a chronic disease and
knowing what the challenges were related to Hurricane Katrina may inform my research study.
Banerjee, M., Chakraborty, S., & Palc, R. (2020). Diabetes self-management amid COVID-19 pandemic.
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 14(4), 351–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.013
(a) Banerjee et al., (2020); (b) conducted a literature review to look at physician-centered care versus
diabetes self-management and education during COVID-19; (c) they found multiple barriers to diabetes
self-management in India and a need to address these, improve patient education during the pandemic
to improve diabetes self-management; and (d) this is important to my study because it is clear there are
challenges with diabetes self-management in other countries, therefore, there is a need to understand
what is going on in the United States.
(b)
Research Question(s) and Hypotheses (if applicable)
These are not written correctly.
See the appendix and include Null and Alternatives Hypothesis.
Quantitative questions should be written using one of these types of formatting:
What is the relationship between {(Independent Variable(s)} and {Dependent Variable(s)} and the population of
interest when controlling for {(Control Variable(s)}?
Is there a relationship between {(Independent Variable(s)} and {Dependent Variable(s)} and the population of interest
when controlling for {(Control Variable(s)}?
What is the association between {(Independent Variable(s)} and {Dependent Variable(s)} and the population of
interest when controlling for {(Control Variable(s)}?
Is there an association between {(Independent Variable(s)} and {Dependent Variable(s)} and the population of interest
when controlling for {(Control Variable(s)}?
DATA COLLECTION
This section is not completed correctly.
Correct completion of the form is required for PD approval.
Please review the appendix at the end of the form to see the examples of how to complete each section of the form.
For your planned research design, present the type of data you will need.
QN Primary Data Collection Example
For my planned research design, I will need to use a validated survey to obtain the data on glycemic index and the
independent variables of age, race, geographic location, income, educational level, visits to primary care provider,
participation in educational programs.
DATA COLLECTION
For your planned research design, present the type of data you will need.
QN Secondary Data Example
For my planned research design, I will need to access the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) database for
2020 data, it contains data on glycemic index and the independent variables of age, race, geographic location,
income, educational level, visits to primary care provider, and participation in educational programs. This data was
collected monthly, so a comparison is possible.
You do not seem to understand the difference between quantitative and qualitative research questions.
Understanding these concepts is critical to successfully completing the doctoral study.
Please review the textbooks from PUBH 8211 Research Methods for Public Health below
Guest, G., & Namey, E. (2015). Public health research methods. SAGE Publications.
Note: You will access this textbook from the Walden Library databases. You do not need to purchase.
Patton, M.Q. (2015). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods: Integrating Theory and Practice. SAGE Publications.
Trochim, W.M.K. (2020). Research Knowledge Base. Cengage Publishing.
Note: This textbook is open access and available at: https://socialresearchmethods.net/kb. You do not need to
purchase.
Here are additional links.
Walden University Office of Research and Doctoral Services. (n.d.). Develop a research question.
https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/student-research/develop-question
Walden University Office of Research and Doctoral Services. (n.d.). Establish a research design.
https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/student-research/research-design
This in not feasible for a doctoral study.
You need to decide on one method.
Are you collecting data or using an existing data set (secondary data)?
When using existing data, the program requires you to confirm the data points.
If collecting data, you are required to use an existing questionnaire that has already been validated and has been
shown to be reliable.
You will need to know what data points (variables) are in the dataset prior to PD approval to ensure feasibility.
Locate the codebook or questionnaire now to see what questions and response types are present in the data.
Next, provide the data points from these sources you plan to use to answer your research question(s). Data points are
the specific variables or types of information that you will use in your analysis.
QN Primary Data Example
As noted above, a validated survey will need to be used to gather the specific data points. The data will be
anonymous and collected through an internet-based survey. A power analysis will be done to determine the number
of participants needed for the study.
OR
QN Secondary Data Example
As noted above the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) database for 2020 contains data on glycemic index
and the independent variables of age, race, geographic location, income, educational level, visits to primary care
provider, and participation in educational programs. This data was collected monthly, so a comparison is possible.
DrPH Prospectus Form
Students | Complete your doctoral prospectus within this form. Write your responses in the white spaces using a scholarly tone and include in-text
citations and APA reference entries, where appropriate. You can click on underlined terms and headings for descriptions, resource links, and
examples located in the Appendix. For additional prospectus information and resources, refer to the Doctoral Research Coach. Complete the
Research Design Alignment Table within this form using the information from earlier sections and self-assess your research design alignment.
Submit this completed form into MyDR for formal evaluation and feedback when your committee chair indicates that you are ready to do so.
Student’s Name | Click or tap here to enter text.
Program and Specialization* |
Student ID | Click or tap here to enter text.
Submission Date | Click arrow to select a date.
*Remember that your study focus must be within the realm of your program and specialization area.
DO NOT UNPROTECT THIS FORM.
Evaluators Only | Complete this section and provide feedback on responses and rubric scores in the form where noted.
Committee Chairperson Name: Click or tap here to enter text.
Second Committee Member Name: Click or tap here to enter text.
PhD Program Director or Designee: Click or tap here to enter text.
Overall Assessment: Choose score.
Overall Assessment: Choose score.
Overall Assessment: Choose score.
Rubric Standard | Complete > Does the prospectus contain all the required elements? Refer to the annotated outline to see the required parts of the
Doctoral study Prospectus document.
Note. Please complete following the directions provided, using the stem sentences, and referring to the examples in the appendix.
Title
Provide a concise (aim for 15 words or fewer) working title for this study. Include the main topic, variables/concepts under investigation, and the relationship
between them. A title should be fully explanatory when standing alone and include the most critical key words.
Assessing the Impact of Specialized Transition Programs on Health Outcomes for Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease
Supporting Literature
The first step in developing your prospectus is to search the literature related to the general area you want to investigate (see social problem below). In your
review of recent, empirical literature, what keywords did you search and in what databases?
The keywords and databases searched included sickle cell disease, Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, young adults,
transition mitigation programs, specialist SCD care, transition programs, health outcomes, and effectiveness in in databases PubMed, CINAHL,
and Google Scholar.
Provide at least 10 brief summaries of recent, scholarly (peer-reviewed) articles that support/justify a current and relevant problem in your discipline or
professional field. Source(s) supporting your framework (see Framework below) should be included. Include the complete, APA reference entry, followed by
(a) an in-text citation; (b) what was studied; (c) what was found; and (d) why this research is important in relation to your study. This evidence provides the
justification for your research problem.
Viola et al. (2022) conducted a scoping review to analyze and evaluate the present literature on existing sickle cell disease programs and mitigations. The study critically evaluated
30 eligible articles to evaluate the primary objective of the review (Viola et al., 2022). The study’s outcome illustrated that progress has been established over the years to design
and collect initial information concerning sickle cell disease transition. Still, there is a need for better analysis, consistency in assessing the programs addressing the disease, and
quality dissemination programs. This study assists in understanding the gaps that continue to affect the creation of transition mitigation programs to help the population.
Calhoun et al. (2021) conducted a qualitative study to critically evaluate factors associated with maximum implementation of the adolescent and Young adult transition (AYASCD). The study engaged data deductive coding and analysis through inductive thematic coding concepts from Consolidated Framework for Implementation of Research. The
outcome outlined several factors with the Consolidated Framework for Implementation of Research, for instance, outer and inner settings, self-characteristics, and mitigation
attributes (Calhoun et al., 2021). In other words, this study assists the research by highlighting the multi-level issues limiting the effectiveness of AYA-SCD transition from
pediatric care to adult care.
Clayton-Jones et al. (2019) conducted a study to critically examine factors linked to healthcare transition experiences among young adults with sickle cell disorder. The study
engaged a qualitative descriptive research approach, and the outcome suggested that psychological and social factors accompanied by self-management experiences are critical
toward healthcare transition among this population. Themes associated with the outcome involve the need for access to care support, early detection and goal setting, incongruence
among outcome, experiences, and preparations, stigma, spiritual issues, collaboration, isolation, and appreciation for practitioners (Clayton-Jones et al., 2019). Also, this study is
crucial since it offers essential information on barriers the transition programs must address.
Saulsberry et al. (2019) conducted a study to address three essential objectives. The first was to review evidence-based practices contributing to poor health transition for young
adults with sickle cell disease. Next, to critically evaluate and illustrate present healthcare transition models and mitigations for the same population. Also, the study aimed to
critically assess the components of healthcare transition programs for the same population. The study proposed using six core elements of health care transition established to
assist the Center for Health Care Transition established by the Center for Health Care Transition Improvement (Saulsberry et al., 2019). This study offers an impressive conceptual
framework critical in understanding primary transition programs for sickle cell disease patients.
Snyder (2022) conducted a study to understand sickle cell disease, particularly the gaps in the current care services, such as unmet healthcare needs. Data between 2004 and 2018
were used to address the study’s primary objectives. The outcome reflected that across the U.S., different states employed different transition models to address sickle cell disease.
Still, all these approaches utilized standardized, rigorous approaches to encourage engagement in reporting disease prevalence, healthcare needs and use, and mortality rates
(Snyder, 2022). This study offers an essential insight on understanding the condition’s prevalence among young adults.
Brown and Sobota (2016) conducted a study to evaluate the transition readiness scores among patients diagnosed with sickle cell disease and compare the outcome with other
populations under special healthcare services. The study engaged a qualitative research approach using a Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire. The result revealed that
young adults are often ready for different medication management during their transition since they understand their medication plans (Brown & Sobota, 2016). In other words,
this study is vital to the research as it provides insights into creating a transition readiness tool for young adults diagnosed with SCD.
Crosby et al. (2015) composed a review to critically evaluate and close the information gap between primary and specialist caregivers responsible for assisting youths with SCD
transitioning from pediatric to young adulthood. The study outlined the population’s barriers and proposed using a bio-psychosocial and multi-disciplinary management concept
in addressing the situation (Crosby et al., 2015). The outcome suggested using transition-focused integrated care approaches and quality enhancement collaborations to enhance
health. This study provides essential insights into the examples of transition programs that can assist the population in transitioning well, irrespective of their health condition.
Viola et al. (2020) conducted a study to explore formative interviews to highlight mentoring mitigation targets to enhance mitigation results. The study was based on the sensitivity
of sickle cell disease, particularly the long-term comprehensive care these patients need. Through semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis, the study addressed that young
adults required self-advocacy, disease knowledge, and provider communication (Viola et al., 2020). The outcome revealed that to enable patients with SCD to transition well, they
needed to understand the SMART framework, which assists them in understanding the illness. This study is essential to the research since it offers vital information on creating
mentorship programs for this population to help transition.
Puko et al. (2023) designed this study to critically evaluate the rate at which healthcare organizations created support self-management systems for pediatric and young adult use
with sickle cell disease. The study aimed to critically assess the attributes, effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of the already published mitigation programs. The study’s
outcome illustrated the use of SCD education, psycho-behavioral, skills training, knowledge improvement, and psychosocial mitigation programs (Puko et al., 2023. Additionally,
the study proposed using technological systems and in-person and group-based mitigation programs. This study is vital as it offers insightful information for creating specialized
transition programs for the SCD population.#
Howell et al. (2023) identified that there are gaps when children with SCD transition into adulthood. One of the gaps entails the barriers to establishing adult care and experiencing
progressive disease severity. Another obstacle is engaging in the busy and tedious schedules of adulthood, which contributes to both physical and mental distress. The study
critically evaluated health-aligned outcomes, for instance, clinical and psychosocial among teenagers and adults, to assist in creating advocacy programs to build their knowledge
and enable them to create self-care (Howell et al., 2013). This study assists in understanding the barriers and how to address them, which is critical in creating a space that helps
with easy transition.
Rubric Standard | Justified > Is evidence presented that this problem is significant to the discipline and/or professional field? The prospectus should
provide relevant statistics and evidence, documentable discrepancies, and other scholarly facts that point to the significance and urgency of the problem.
Problem
What was the social problem that prompted you to search the literature to find out more? Write in complete sentences using a scholarly tone.
The situation or issue that prompted me to search the literature is The situation that prompted me to search the literature is the need for more
effective transition programs for young adults with sickle cell disease. The transition from pediatric to adult care can be challenging for this
population, and there is a gap in the literature regarding the impact of specialized transition programs on their health outcomes. The specific
research problem is to assess the impact of specialized transition programs on health outcomes for young adults with sickle cell disease. This
includes investigating the effectiveness of these programs in improving disease management, reducing hospitalizations, and improving the quality
of life for this populatio
Now that you have read and summarized some of the recent literature to understand your problem, and given what other researchers are exploring, what
meaningful gap have you identified that your study will address? (What have others not yet explored about this problem that you will contribute with your
study?)
Although researchers have investigated this issue, the topic has not been explored in this way: understanding the gaps that have contributed
towards ineffective mitigation programs leading to higher mortality rates. My study is to fill the gap in the literature regarding the effectiveness of
specialized transition programs for young adults with sickle cell disease. While there has been some research on transition programs for other
chronic illnesses, there is a lack of literature specific to sickle cell disease. . This study aims to contribute to the existing literature by providing
evidence on the specific impact of specialized transition programs on the health outcomes of this unique population.
Based on all of the above information (social problem, literature review, gap), in one sentence, what is your research problem?
In one sentence, the specific research problem is increase in the mortality and mobidity rates among young adults living with sickle cell disease.
Rubric Standard | Meaningful > Has a meaningful problem and gap in the research literature been identified? In other words, is addressing this problem
the logical next step, given the previous exploratory and confirmatory research (or lack thereof) on this topic? It is not acceptable to simply replicate previous
research for a doctoral degree.
Rubric Standard | Original > Does this project have potential to make an original contribution? The problem must be an authentic “puzzle” that needs
solving, not merely a topic that the researcher finds interesting. Addressing the problem should result in an original contribution to the field or discipline.
Purpose
To address your stated research problem, what is the purpose of your study? Will you describe, compare, explore, examine, etc.? Complete the purpose
sentence below and be sure to clarify your variables/concepts of interest.
The purpose of this Quantitative study is to evaluate the impact of specialized transition programs on health outcome among young adults with sickle
cell disease.
Framework (Conceptual or Theoretical)
What theory(ies) and/or concept(s) support (frame) your study and who are the original authors? Provide an in-text citation with your response, and the
complete APA reference.
The theories and/or concepts that ground this study include Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.
One reference entry for the work on which this research design is based:
Calhoun, C., Luo, L., Baumann, A. A., Bauer, A., Shen, E. J., McKay, V., Hooley, C., James, A. S., & King, A. A. (2021). Transition for
Adolescents and Young Adults With Sickle Cell Disease in a US Midwest Urban Center: A Multilevel Perspective on Barriers, Facilitators,
and Future Directions. Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, 44(5), e872–e880. https://doi.org/10.1097/mph.0000000000002322.
How do these theories and/or concepts relate to your research problem, purpose, and the nature of your study?
The logical connections between the framework presented and the nature of my study include it guide the entire process address related to
factors likely to positively influence the implementation of the sickle cell disease transition program. It is a meta-theoretical approach that
outlines a broad body of past models, which includes evaluating the internal environment, external environment, organizational structure,
innovation, and procedure to foster implementation.
Rubric Standard | Grounded > Is the problem framed to enable the researcher to either build upon or counter the previously published findings on the
topic? For most fields, grounding involves articulating the problem within the context of a theoretical base or conceptual framework. Although many
approaches can ground a study in the scientific literature, the essential requirement is that the problem is framed such that the new findings will have
implications for the previous findings.
Research Question(s) and Hypotheses (if applicable)
List the question(s) that you plan to use to address the research problem. Your question(s) must align with your study purpose and include the variables
and/or concepts and how they will be examined.
How do people transitioning from pediatric to adult care define their lived experiences? What gaps continue to affect the effective transition
between pediatric and adult care among those diagnosed with sickle cell disease? What specialized transition programs exist? And can these
transitions be implemented to assist the young adult transition process? Does participation in a specialized transition program lead to reduced
hospitalization rates for young adults with sickle cell disease?
How does participation in a specialized transition program affect pain management for young adults with sickle cell disease?
Nature of the Study
What systematic approach/method and research design do you plan to use to address your research question(s)?
To address the research questions in this Quantitative study, the specific research design will include The systematic approach and research
design planned for this study involve a longitudinal cohort study. This design will allow for the comparison of health outcomes between those who
participate in specialized transition programs and those who do not from 2015 to 2023
One reference entry for the work on which this research design is based:
ClayClayton-Jones, D., Matthie, N., Treadwell, M., Field, J. J., Mager, A., Sawdy, R., George Dalmida, S., Leonard, C., Koch, K. L., & Haglund,
K. (2019). Social and Psychological Factors Associated With Health Care Transition for Young Adults Living With Sickle Cell Disease. Journal of
Transcultural Nursing, 104365961989683. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043659619896837
For your planned research design, what type of data will you need and what data collection tools and sources will provide it?
For my planned research design, I will need The data needed for this study includes quantitative health outcome measurements such as
hospitalization rates, pain scores, and quality of life assessments. These data will be collected through medical records, self-reported surveys, and
interviews.
What data points from these sources do you plan to use to answer your research question(s)?
The data points from these sources that will be used to answer the research questions include hospitalization frequency, pain intensity scores, and
self-reported quality of life measures. These data points will be analyzed to determine the impact of specialized transition programs on the health
outcomes of young adults with sickle cell disease published between 2015 and 2023
What limitations, challenges, and/or barriers might you need to address while conducting this study (e.g., requirements for storing data, separation of roles
or other ethical considerations, instrumentation fees, etc.)?
Rubric Standard | Feasible > Can a systematic method of inquiry be used to address the problem; and does the approach have the potential to address
the problem while considering potential risks and burdens placed on research participants? The tentative methodology demonstrates that the researcher
has considered the options for inquiry and has selected an approach that has potential to address the problem.
Significance
How will your study address the meaningful, discipline-specific issue that you identified and therefore contribute to your field, discipline, professional
practice, etc. contributing to positive social change?
This study is significant in that
Rubric Standard | Impact > Does this project have potential to affect positive social change? As described in the Significance section, the anticipated
findings have potential to support the mission of Walden University to promote positive social change.
Rubric Standard | Objective > Is the topic approached in an objective manner? The framing of the problem should not reveal bias or present a foregone
conclusion. Even if the researcher has a strong opinion on the expected findings, the researcher must maximize scholarly objectivity by framing the problem in
the context of a systematic inquiry that permits multiple possible conclusions.
Partner Site Masking Self-Check
Walden capstones typically mask the identity of the partner organization. The methodological and ethical reasons for this practice as well as criteria for
exceptions are outlined here (link to posted guidance).
☐ Check here to confirm that you will mask the identity of the organization in the final capstone that you publish in ProQuest.
☐ If you perceive that your partner organization’s identity would be impossible to mask or if there is a strong rationale for naming the organization in your
capstone, please check this box so that your Program Director can review your request for an exception. If granted, that exception must be confirmed by the
IRB during the ethics review process. The IRB will also ensure that your consent form(s) and/or site agreement(s) permit naming the organization.
☐ Not Applicable
Research Design Alignment Table | Using an alignment table can assist with ensuring the alignment of your research design.
Research Design Alignment Table Video Tutorial (YouTube) | Doctoral Research Design Alignment Appointments or Office Hours
Note. At the prospectus stage, not all items in the table below can be identified (e.g., data points, data analysis). Please complete the items that you have
identified in this form. During proposal development, you will revisit this plan to adjust, as needed, and finalize your research design.
Hover over bold font for Instructions and click links for resources.
Types of Data to be Collected
and Data Collection
Instruments
Research Problem,
Purpose, and Framework
Research Question(s), Method,
& Design
Problem: Replace text with
response.
Purpose: Replace text with
response.
Framework: Replace text with
response.
RQ1: Replace text with response.
Method: Choose method
Design: Replace text with response.
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response.
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response.
RQ2: Replace text with response.
Method: Choose method
Design: Replace text with response.
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response.
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response.
RQ3: Replace text with response.
Method: Choose method
Design: Replace text with response.
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response.
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response.
Data Sources
Data Analysis
Note. The information in the first column must align with all rows, and each individual RQ row must show alignment across the columns for that row.
Once your Research Design Alignment Table is completed, reflect on your design alignment. Ask yourself:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Is there a logical progression from the research problem to the purpose of the study?
Does the identified framework ground the investigation into the stated problem?
Do the problem, purpose, and framework in the left-hand column align with the RQ(s) (all rows)?
Does each RQ address the problem and align with the purpose of the study?
Does the information across each individual row match/align with the RQ listed for that row?
• By row, will the variables listed address the RQ?
• By row, will the analysis address the RQ?
• By row, can the analysis be completed with the data points that will be collected?
Rubric Standard | Aligned > Do the various aspects of the prospectus align overall? The nature of the study should align with the problem,
research questions, and tentative approaches to inquiry.
Appendix
The Doctoral Prospectus
The Doctoral Prospectus is a brief document that provides preliminary information about your doctoral study research and is used in two ways:
• It serves as the tentative plan for developing the proposal and is evaluated to ensure doctoral-level work (e.g., feasibility, alignment, etc.).
• It provides information used to assign the committee University Research Reviewer.
Prospectus milestone approval from the committee chair, second committee member, and a program-level designee is required for you to move forward and
work on your proposal. The plan is subject to change, and parts of your research design may need to be adjusted after you complete your exhaustive review of
the literature during proposal development. The following sections includes sample prospectus form responses for both a quantitative and a qualitative study.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Title
Titles should be concise (aim for 15 words or fewer), be a statement, not a question, and no colons please. The title should indicate the main topic and the
variables/concepts under study and the relationship between them. A title should be fully explanatory when standing alone and include the most critical key
words (a searchable statement of what the manuscript contains). Avoid words that serve no purpose (such as methods, results, a study of…, or investigation
of…), use full terms (avoid abbreviations), and capitalize any word of four or more letters, and all parts of a verb. For more information, see the F&S Checklist.
Quantitative (QN) Example
Self-management Practices of Adult Diabetics in Grenada During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Qualitative (QL) Example
How Adults Diagnosed with Diabetes in Grenada Self-Managed their Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Supporting Literature
Probably the most important step in the research process is searching recent, peer-reviewed literature and reading articles related to the general area you want
to investigate. The area is based on an identified social problem. As you read and learn, you will narrow your focus. This is how you will identify a disciplinespecific research problem.
[Note: Scholarly, empirical articles and how to find them.]
First, you’ll need to determine your search terms or keywords and the databases you should search. As you conduct your search of the literature, stay organized
by keep
