Description
This is a Sedimentary lab review of 15 questions, please review the laws and and answer each question. a ternary diagram is attached that you will need to use when answering question 11.
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Sedimentology review:
Remember: terms like “round” and “well sorted” have very specific definitions. In
sedimentology, it is important not to over-interpret your data in a lack of evidence.
1. Look at this sediment sample (http://gigapan.com/gigapans/176844). In full detail,
discuss its maturity (or lack thereof- both chemical and textural). What variables are
contributing to your decision? Make sure to be explicit (including length of transport,
rounding, sorting, minerals present, etc.)
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2. Using the gigapan image from #1, hypothesize about where this sediment sample might
have been formed. Provide data to back up your explanation. For example, I might say
that a sediment sample was formed in a shallow, high energy environment because of X,
Y, or Z.
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3. Look at this sediment sample (http://gigapan.com/gigapans/168572). In full detail,
discuss its maturity (or lack thereof-both textural and chemical). What variables are
contributing to your decision? Make sure to be explicit (including length of transport,
rounding, sorting, minerals present, etc.).
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4. Using the gigapan image from #3, hypothesize about where this sediment sample might
have been formed. Provide data to back up your explanation. For example, I might say
that a sediment sample was formed in a shallow, high energy environment because of X,
Y, or Z. Hint: take a careful look at the materials in this sample. This might help you!
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5. What types of sedimentary structures do you think might exist in rocks that would be
formed from these sediments in #3? Why? Be specific, please! Two is sufficient-but
make sure you explain your reasoning clearly. There are a lot of possible answers.
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6. Look at this sediment sample (http://gigapan.com/gigapans/195400). What is the
dominant mineralogy of this sample? How do you know? (in it, identify the components
of the sediment)
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7. What is the sorting of the sample in #6? What does that indicate? Are there any other
factors that can give us a clue about the length of transport (hint: yes)- do they agree
with your earlier interpretation? Explain.
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8. What is the depositional environment of #6? How do you know? Summarize all possible
lines of evidence.
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9. What is the chemical stability of this sample? (http://gigapan.com/gigapans/98840)
How do you know? With this in mind, what is the compositional maturity of it? This
question requires review from sed rec 1- ask for help if you need it.
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10. What type of environment do you think #9 must have formed in? Can you guess where
on Earth this is from?
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11. Look at this image (http://gigapan.com/gigapans/99592). What is its textural and
compositional maturity and why? Plot this rock on a ternary diagram (below). If you
don’t know how to do this, ask a partner or have the instructor help you. Finally, name
this rock (sandstone classification names).
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12. Give a likely depositional environment (length
of transport, energy levels, etc.) on #11.
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13. Let’s get practice with understanding
how sedimentary rocks tell us changes
through time. Looking at the (very
basic) strat column on the right, write
down how energy levels have changed
from the beginning to the end. Explain
how you know each. This is the first
step to combining what you learned in
GLY 3552C with this class- it’s critical we
get this. Note: the “x axis” of this
indicates grain size- the longer the
rectangle, the larger the grain size.
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14. How do energy levels relate to the
physical environment?. Explain how you
think the environment changed through
time from beginning to end. In your
response, clearly explain Walther’s Law
and how it influences your answer.
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15. Using the image on the last page, walk
through how the ocean level has
changed through time in a sentence or
two. Again, relate this to Walther’s Law.
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