Description
Respond your colleagues who were assigned different case studies than you. Analyze the possible conditions from your colleagues’ differential diagnoses. Determine which of the conditions you would reject and why. Identify the most likely condition, and justify your reasoning. Each response supposed to have at least 2 references for the last 5 years and have DOI .. answer to these 2 students Jonel TarrobagoOlumide Oluwarotimi
Unformatted Attachment Preview
Jonel Tarrobago
Case study
A 42-year-old male reports pain in his lower back for the past month. The pain sometimes
radiates to his left leg. In determining the cause of the back pain, based on your knowledge
of anatomy, what nerve roots might be involved? How would you test for each of them?
What other symptoms need to be explored? What are your differential diagnoses for
acute low back pain? Consider the possible origins using the Agency for Healthcare
Research and Quality (AHRQ) guidelines as a framework. What physical examination will
you perform? What special maneuvers will you perform?
Differential diagnosis
1. Sciatica: pressing on the sciatic nerve that travels through the buttocks and
extends down the back of the leg. People with sciatica may feel shock-like or
burning low back pain combined with pain through the buttocks and down one
leg. (AHRQ 2020)
2. Spinal Stenosis: Degenerative LSS anatomically can involve the central canal,
lateral recess, foramina, or any combination of these locations. Central canal
stenosis may result from a decrease in the anteroposterior, transversal, or
combined diameter secondary to loss of disc height with or without bulging of
the intervertebral disc, and hypertrophy of the facet joints and the ligamentum
flavum (Genevay, S., & Atlas, S. J. 2022).
3. Pyelonephritis: A kidney infection is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI). But
when people say “UTI,” they often mean a lower urinary tract infection, or
infection of their bladder or urethraLinks to an external site.. A lower UTI and a
kidney infection can have similar symptoms, but a kidney infection is more
likely to suddenly make you feel sick, give you a fever or cause pain in your
lower back or side. (Cleaveland Clinic)
4. Ankylosing Spondylitis: It causes inflammation between the vertebrae, which
are the bones that make up your spine, and in the joints between the spine and
pelvis. In certain individual, it can affect other joints. This condition is common
and more severe in men. ( John Hopkins Medicine 2020)
5. Lumabar Hernation: Fibrosis is the main cause of ligamentum flavum
hypertrophy and is caused by accumulated mechanical stress, especially along
the dorsal aspect of the ligamentum flavum. Degenerative LSS anatomically can
involve the central canal, lateral recess, foramina, or any combination of these
locations. Central canal stenosis may result from a decrease in the
anteroposterior, transversal, or combined diameter secondary to loss of disc
height with or without bulging of the intervertebral disc.( Dains, J. E., Baumann,
L. C., & Scheibel, P. 201
Olumide Oluwarotimi
A 15-year-old male reports dull pain in both knees. Sometimes one or both knees click,
and the patient describes a catching sensation under the patella. In determining the
causes of the knee pain, what additional history do you need? What categories can you
use to differentiate knee pain? What are your specific differential diagnoses for knee
pain? What physical examination will you perform? What anatomic structures are you
assessing as part of the physical examination? What special maneuvers will you perform?
Differential Diagnoses
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
It is a condition characterized by pain and dysfunction in the knee joint, most of the time it
affects the patella and femur (Walli et al., 2023). This condition is considered for this case
because the symptoms of the patient like knee pain and clicking align with the symptoms
of the condition. The syndromes most of the time arise when there is an overuse,
improper alignment as well or muscular imbalance. All this might present in an athlete like
the patient in the case.
Ligament injury
Ligaments are connective tissues that connect bone to muscle. They play an important
role in the stabilization of the joints. These ligaments can tear when exposed to intense
stress like the one experienced by athletes. Some of the symptoms of the condition
include pain, swelling, bruising, limited range of motion, and a clicking sound (McNally et
al., 2020). Some of these symptoms are present in the patient.
Osteochondritis Dissecans
This condition occurs when a fragment of cartilage detaches from the bone (Turati et al.,
2023). This condition mostly affects the knees. The symptoms of the condition include
joint pain, swelling, instability of the joint, popping sensation as well as weakness. It mostly
arises from repetitive microtrauma.
Tendinitis
Characterized by irritation and inflammation of the joint. The patient’s complaints of dull
knee pain are consistent with the symptoms of tendinitis, which include localized pain,
swelling, tenderness, and discomfort (Furuhata et al., 2020). These symptoms are mostly
aggravated by physical activity.
Prepatellar Bursitis
This condition is characterized by inflammation and irritation of the prepatellar bursa.
This is a small sac that is located in the front of the kneecap. The common features include
tenderness, pain with activity, redness and warmth, and swelling (Algarni et al., 2019).
Sports sometimes involve direct impact or recurrent damage, which can lead to
prepatellar bursitis.
Purchase answer to see full
attachment
