Description
Assignment Overview: This is a military information briefing, not a reading. The presentation will be 15 minutes (+/- 2). Presentation will consist of 6 to 10 slides in PowerPoint (including Title Slide, Agenda, Conclusion, & References). Students may use up to two other visual aids such as maps and diagrams if desired. Brief an SGM/CSM in your organization who is a graduate of the course (not retired). This is a military information briefing that presents and supports understanding Force Generation. See form 1009S for oral communication assessment requirements. Once the briefing is complete, upload the signed Form 1009S into the Assignment Upload tab in Blackboard.(F301) Military Engagement, Security Cooperation, and Deterrence. These ongoing activities establish, shape, maintain, and refine relations with other nations and domestic civil authorities. The general strategic and operational objective is to protect US interests at home and abroad.(F305) As a Sergeant major it is important to have a grasp of how integrating the capabilities of both inter-theater and intra-theater common-user mobility assets. This is only gained by having analyzed the air, land, and sea transportation planning in support of the Range of Military Operations.(F304) A key element of meeting global requirements to support the ROM is having analyzed the air, land, and sea transportation planning. This coupled with accurate USR reporting to develop a viable RSOI plan to support a wide contingency of operations.Through your assigned readings in this module you examined the personnel and medical readiness deployability standards and understood how to apply organizational training to support the deployment process and RSOI operations (F306).Assignment: Analyze the concepts and theories you read about in F301, F304, F305, and F306; utilizing key language and terms from these concepts and theories, Present an oral presentation that highlights and explains the Range of Military Operations (ROMO) (F301). In your briefing ensure you link ROMO to global mobility (F305) and the implication /importance of Unit Status Reporting (USR) (F304) to help finalize the RSOI process to train and deploy the brigade (F306).
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FM 3-07
STABILITY
JUNE 2014
DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
This publication is available at Army Knowledge Online
(https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/index.html).
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http://www.apd.army.mil/AdminPubs/new_subscribe.asp.
*FM 3-07
Headquarters
Department of the Army
Washington, DC, 2 June 2014
Field Manual
No. 3-07
Stability
Contents
Page
PREFACE………………………………………………………………………………………………..iii
INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………………………iv
Chapter 1
STABILITY TASKS IN MILITARY OPERATIONS …………………………………….. 1-1
Primary Stability Tasks …………………………………………………………………………… 1-1
Identification and Accomplishment of Stability Tasks …………………………………. 1-5
Related Activities and Missions ……………………………………………………………….. 1-6
Chapter 2
STABILITY CONSIDERATIONS FOR TRANSITIONS ………………………………. 2-1
Stability Transition Levels ……………………………………………………………………….. 2-1
Transition of Stability Tasks…………………………………………………………………….. 2-4
Transitional Military Authority ………………………………………………………………….. 2-7
Interim Civil Authority……………………………………………………………………………. 2-16
Chapter 3
CONSIDERATIONS TO ACHIEVE UNITY OF EFFORT ……………………………. 3-1
Whole-of-Government Approach ……………………………………………………………… 3-1
Comprehensive Approach …………………………………………………………………….. 3-19
Chapter 4
STABILITY ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORKS …………………………………………… 4-1
Importance of Assessing Stability Tasks …………………………………………………… 4-1
District Stability Framework …………………………………………………………………….. 4-1
Interagency Conflict Assessment Framework ……………………………………………. 4-3
GLOSSARY ……………………………………………………………………………… Glossary-1
REFERENCES ………………………………………………………………………. References-1
INDEX ……………………………………………………………………………………………. Index-1
Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
*This publication supersedes FM 3-07, Stability Operations, 6 October 2008.
i
Contents
Figures
Introductory figure 1. Stability underlying logic ……………………………………………………………….. v
Figure 1-1. Five guidelines for protection of civilians ……………………………………………………. 1-9
Figure 3-1. Levels of interaction………………………………………………………………………………. 3-21
Figure 4-1. District Stability Framework process …………………………………………………………. 4-2
Figure 4-2. Conflict diagnosis process of the interagency conflict assessment
framework …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4-5
Tables
Introductory table 1. Terms modified by ADRP 3-07 ………………………………………………………. vi
Table 1-1. Practical guidelines for supporting foreign humanitarian assistance……………… 1-25
Table 2-1. Phases of the stability framework and stability transition phases …………………… 2-4
Table 2-2. Sample indicators for partners to transfer stability tasks ……………………………….. 2-6
Table 3-1. The ACTion approach to social perspective taking ………………………………………. 3-7
Table 3-2. Global clusters and lead agencies ……………………………………………………………. 3-20
Table 3-3. The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and
Nongovernmental Organization Code of Conduct in Disaster Relief …………… 3-28
Table 3-4. Interagency Standing Committee principles for civil-military relationships in
complex emergencies…………………………………………………………………………… 3-29
Table 4-1. Interagency conflict assessment framework transition into planning ………………. 4-8
ii
FM 3-07
2 June 2014
Preface
FM 3-07 contributes to the Army and joint community by providing tactical guidance on the conduct of
operations focused on stability. FM 3-07 addresses employment of forces in the conduct of operations focused
on stability. FM 3-07 expounds on the doctrinal fundamentals and concepts established in ADRP 3-0 and
ADRP 3-07. Readers should be familiar with ADRP 3-07, which establishes the doctrinal fundamentals for the
conduct of operations focused on stability.
The principal audience for FM 3-07 is leaders and planners at the battalion level and above. Commanders and
staffs of Army headquarters serving as a joint task force or multinational headquarters should also refer to
applicable joint or multinational doctrine concerning the range of military operations and joint or multinational
forces. Trainers and educators throughout the Army will also use this publication.
FM 3-07 is a common reference for all Army professionals, in the field and in the Army school system. The
stability considerations in this publication apply to units at all levels. Army techniques publications discuss
techniques for applying this doctrine. This publication will serve as a resource for the other government
agencies, intergovernmental organizations, international organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and
private sector entities who seek to understand the role of the military in broader stability efforts.
Commanders, staffs, and subordinates ensure their decisions and actions comply with applicable U.S.,
international, and, in some cases, host-nation laws and regulations. Commanders at all levels ensure their
Soldiers operate in accordance with the law of war and the rules of engagement. (See FM 27-10.)
FM 3-07 uses joint terms where applicable. Most terms with joint or Army definitions are in both the glossary
and the text. The definition for which FM 3-07 is the proponent publication (the authority) is marked with an
asterisk (*) in the glossary and boldfaced in the text. For other definitions shown in the text, the term is
italicized and the number of the proponent publication follows the definition.
FM 3-07 applies to the Active Army, the Army National Guard/the Army National Guard of the United States,
and the United States Army Reserve unless otherwise stated.
The proponent of ADRP 3-07 is the United States Army Combined Arms Center. The preparing agency is the
United States Army Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute, United States Army War College. Send
written comments and recommendations on a DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and
Blank Forms) to Commander, U.S. Army Combined Arms Center and Fort Leavenworth, ATTN: ATZL-MCD
(FM 3-07), 300 McPherson Avenue, Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2337; by e-mail to
[email protected]; or submit an electronic DA Form 2028.
2 June 2014
FM 3-07
iii
Introduction
Doctrine by definition is broad in scope and involves principles, tactics, techniques, and procedures
applicable to Army operations worldwide. Thus, this publication does not focus on any region or country.
Nor is it intended to be a standalone reference. Users should assess information from other sources to help
them decide how to apply the doctrine in this publication to the specific circumstances facing them.
Throughout U.S. history, the Army has learned that military force alone cannot secure sustainable peace. A
comprehensive approach is required, as well as in-depth understanding of an operational environment.
Stability ultimately aims to establish conditions the local populace regards as legitimate, acceptable, and
predictable. Stabilization is a process in which personnel identify and mitigate underlying sources of
instability to establish the conditions for long-term stability. Therefore, stability tasks focus on identifying
and targeting the root causes of instability and building the capacity of local institutions. Army forces
accomplish stability missions and perform tasks across the range of military operations and in coordination
with other instruments of national power. Stability missions and tasks are part of broader efforts to establish
and maintain the conditions for stability in an unstable area before or during hostilities, or to reestablish
enduring peace and stability after open hostilities cease. Army stability doctrine is based on lessons learned
from previous and contemporary operations.
FM 3-07 expands upon stability tasks, their role in unified land operations, and considerations specific to
stability. It contains four chapters.
Chapter 1 expands the discussion of stability tasks introduced in ADP 3-07 and ADRP 3-07. It introduces
the reader to the stability tasks and places them in the context of Army operations.
Chapter 2 discusses transitions, including how to perform the tasks of changing the focus of the operation.
Transitions are an essential part of stability.
Chapter 3 addresses the whole-of-government and comprehensive approaches to unity of effort. This
chapter elaborates considerations that will assist commanders and staffs in focusing collaboration and
cooperation with partners toward a common goal.
Chapter 4 looks at assessment. Identifying and prioritizing the local sources of instability is an essential
first step toward understanding on how to apply military resources and how to determine what is working.
This publication completes the transition of Army stability doctrine to the Doctrine 2015 structure.
ADP 3-07 and ADRP 3-07 introduced the basic concept behind stability including the stability principles:
conflict transformation, unity of effort, legitimacy and host-nation ownership, and building partner
capacity. ADP 3-07 and ADRP 3-07 also identified and described the primary stability tasks, how to
consider stability in planning for operations, the place of stability in unified land operations, and unique
considerations for stability across the range of military operations. Introductory figure 1 lays out the
underlying logic for stability tasks in operations and lists stability tasks in both decisive action and the
Army’s concept of unified land operations.
iv
FM 3-07
2 June 2014
Introduction
Introductory figure 1. Stability underlying logic
2 June 2014
FM 3-07
v
Introduction
The information from the following chapters from the legacy FM 3-07 (2008, now obsolete) was updated
and moved into ADP 3-07 and ADRP 3-07:
Chapter 1: The Strategic Context.
Chapter 2: Stability in Full Spectrum Operations.
Chapter 4: Planning for Stability Operations.
To avoid confusion, rule of law was removed as a principle and the information consolidated into the
discussion of end state conditions in chapter 1 of ADRP 3-07. Additionally, information retained from the
appendixes of the obsolete field manual—regarding assessment—was updated, condensed to a discussion
of principles, and moved into chapter 4 of this field manual. ATP 3-07.5 explains more fully the techniques
for performing stability tasks, including measuring success.
Certain terms for which the legacy FM 3-07 (2008, now obsolete) had been proponent were modified by
change 1 to ADRP 3-07 (2013). For the reader’s convenience, those terms are included in introductory
table-1. FM 3-07 remains the proponent for one Army term: transitional authority.
Introductory table 1. Terms modified by ADRP 3-07
Term
Remarks
capacity building
Modified usage as building partner capacity in common English usage. No
longer formally defined.
comprehensive approach
Retained based on common English usage. No longer formally defined.
conflict transformation
Retained based on common English usage. No longer formally defined.
crisis state
Retained based on common English usage. No longer formally defined.
disarmament
Retained based on common English usage. No longer formally defined.
fragile state
Retained based on common English usage. No longer formally defined.
governance
Adopts the joint definition.
reconstruction
Retained based on common English usage. No longer formally defined.
reintegration
Proponency moved to ADRP 3-07.
rule of law
Retained based on common English usage. No longer formally defined.
security force assistance
Adopts the joint definition.
security sector reform
Adopts the joint definition.
stabilization
Retained based on common English usage. No longer formally defined.
vulnerable state
Retained based on common English usage. No longer formally defined.
whole-of-government approach
Retained based on common English usage. No longer formally defined.
vi
FM 3-07
2 June 2014
Chapter 1
Stability Tasks in Military Operations
This chapter begins with a discussion of the five primary stability tasks. Then it
provides guidance to help Army leaders identify and execute them effectively.
Finally, it presents considerations for related activities and missions that apply to all
aspects of stability tasks.
PRIMARY STABILITY TASKS
1-1. Stability tasks are part of every operation. However, the proportion of stability tasks, in relation to
offensive and defensive tasks, may change. Whether an operation is a peace operation preventing conflict
or a large-scale combat operation, forces will always integrate offensive, defensive, and stability tasks. For
example, in a peace operation, forces may still perform offensive tasks such as raids to capture war
criminals. Conversely, in large-scale combat operations, forces perform stability tasks to control captured
areas or provide emergency essential services.
1-2. The primary stability tasks reflect myriad interrelated activities conducted across the five stability
sectors. Tasks performed in one sector inevitably create related effects in another sector; planned and
performed appropriately, carefully sequenced activities complement and reinforce these effects. Achieving
a specific objective or setting certain conditions often requires performing a number of related tasks among
different stability sectors. An example of this is the effort required to provide a safe, secure environment for
the local populace. Rather than the outcome of a single task focused solely on the local populace, safety
and security are broad effects. Military forces achieve them by ending hostilities, isolating belligerents and
criminal elements, demobilizing armed groups, eliminating explosives and other hazards, and providing
public order and safety. In other words, to ensure security will be sustained over time, forces perform
numerous tasks across all the stability sectors.
1-3. Operations focused on stability aim to stabilize the environment enough so the host nation can begin
to resolve the root causes of conflict and state failure. These operations establish a safe, secure environment
that facilitates reconciliation among local or regional adversaries. Operations focused on stability aim to
establish conditions that support the transition to legitimate host-nation governance, a functioning civil
society, and a viable market economy.
1-4. The size of the force and combination of tasks necessary to stabilize conditions depend on the
situation in the operational area. When a functional, effective host-nation government exists, military forces
work through and with local civil authorities. Together they restore stability and order and sometimes to
reform the security institutions that foster long-term development. In this situation, the size of the force and
the scope of the mission are more limited. However, in a worst-case scenario, the security environment
would be in chaos and the state would be in crisis or failed altogether. In this situation, international law
requires the military force to focus on essential tasks that establish a safe, secure environment and to
address the immediate humanitarian needs of the local populace. This requires a force capable of securing
borders, protecting the population, holding individuals accountable for criminal activities, regulating the
behavior of individuals or groups that pose a security risk, reestablishing essential civil services, and setting
conditions in the operational area that enable the success of other partners.
1-5. Military forces provide support to facilitate the completion of tasks for which the host nation is
normally responsible. Typically, these tasks have a security component ideally performed by military
forces. However, military forces sometimes provide logistics, medical, or administrative support to enable
the success of civilian agencies and organizations. These tasks generally fall into one of three categories,
representing the collective effort associated with an operation focused on stability:
2 June 2014
FM 3-07
1-1
Chapter 1
Tasks for which military forces retain primary responsibility.
Tasks for which civilian agencies or organizations likely retain responsibility, but military forces
are prepared to execute until transition can safely occur with those organizations.
Tasks for which civilian agencies or organizations retain primary responsibility.
1-6. The primary stability tasks are—
Establish civil security.
Establish civil control.
Restore essential services.
Support to governance.
Support to economic and infrastructure development.
ESTABLISH CIVIL SECURITY (INCLUDING SECURITY FORCE ASSISTANCE)
1-7. Civil security is the provision of security for state entities and the population, including protection
from internal and external threats. Establishing a safe, secure, and stable environment is key to obtaining
local support for military operations. The primary task of establishing civil security may include security
force assistance tasks depending on the missions assigned. As soon a host nation’s security forces can
perform this task, Army forces transition civil security responsibilities to them. Within the security sector,
transformation tasks focus on developing legitimate, sustainable, and stable security institutions. Civil
security sets the conditions for enduring stability and peace.
1-8. Military forces set these conditions by performing subordinate tasks during all three phases of the
stability framework—initial response, transformation, and fostering sustainability. During the initial
response phase of the stability framework, Army units often perform the tasks on their own because the
host nation lacks capability.
1-9. In the transformation phase of the stability framework, host-nation personnel and, potentially,
interorganizational entities begin to contribute. Army units then focus more on security force assistance,
particularly the systems required to professionalize a host nation’s security forces.
1-10. In the fostering sustainability phase of the stability framework, Army units transition to a steady-state
posture focused on advisory duties and security cooperation. The host nation assumes responsibility for its
civil security. Some societies have strong cultural resistance against foreign or domestic military
involvement in civil security. On these occasions, United States (U.S.) forces explore other options or
mitigate concerns about such involvement by synchronizing information-related capabilities and
engagement.
1-11. Depending on the situation, establishing civil security can include seven subtasks:
Enforce cessation of hostilities, peace agreements, and other arrangements.
Determine disposition and composition of host-nation armed and intelligence services.
Conduct disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration.
Conduct border control, boundary security, and freedom of movement.
Support identification programs.
Protect key personnel and facilities.
Clear explosives and other hazards.
(For a more detailed discussion of establish civil security subtasks, see chapter 2 of ATP 3-07.5.)
ESTABLISH CIVIL CONTROL
1-12. Civil control fosters the rule of law. The rule of law means that all persons, institutions, and
entities—public and private, including the state itself—are accountable to laws that are publicly
promulgated, equally enforced, independently adjudicated, and consistent with international human rights
principles. To strengthen civil control and the rule of law, Army units seek to improve the capability,
capacity, and legitimacy of host-nation judicial and corrections systems by providing training and support
1-2
FM 3-07
2 June 2014
Stability Tasks in Military Operations
to law enforcement and judicial personnel. Army units focus on implementing temporary or interim
capabilities to lay the foundation for host-nation or interorganizational development of this sector.
1-13. Civil control is based on a society ensuring individuals and groups adhere to the rule of law. A
society that embraces the rule of law provides equal access to a legal system consistent with international
human rights principles. Developing such a society is a long-term process guided by civilian entities.
1-14. Military forces perform subordinate tasks to facilitate civil control during all three phases of the
stability framework. Initial response tasks focus on establishing civil control and fostering the rule of law.
During the initial response phase of the stability framework, Army units may have to complete tasks on
their own because the host nation has little or no capability or legitimacy. In other phases, host-nation
security forces can maintain public order and require little Army unit involvement.
1-15. Transformation tasks develop justice, corrections systems, and other legal fields that meet
international human rights standards and support viable processes for redress and reconciliation. In the
transformation phase of the stability framework, host-nation police forces and interorganizational entities
take the lead with Army units focusing on security force assistance, particularly the professionalization of
host-nation security forces.
1-16. Fostering sustainability tasks emphasizes the transfer of the judicial and corrections systems to hostnation personnel. Army units facilitate this transfer, continue to monitor and report, and transition to a
steady state posture focused on advisory duties and security cooperation.
1-17. Depending on the situation, nine subtasks may be performed:
Establish public order and safety.
Establish an interim criminal justice system.
Support law enforcement and police reform.
Support judicial reform.
Support a civil property dispute resolution process.
Support criminal justice system reform.
Support corrections reform.
Support war crimes courts and tribunals.
Support public outreach and community rebuilding programs.
(For a more detailed discussion of establish civil control subtasks, see chapter 3 of ATP 3-07.5.)
RESTORE ESSENTIAL SERVICES
1-18. Restoring services essential to local expectations of normalcy allows people to return their daily
activities and prevents further destabilization. Ideally, the host nation’s government and civilian relief
agencies should restore and develop essential services. In most cases, local, international, and U.S. agencies
have arrived in country long before U.S. forces. However, when partner organizations are not well
established or lack capacity, Army units accomplish these tasks until the other organizations can.
1-19. Military forces perform subordinate tasks to facilitate restoring essential services during all three
phases of the stability framework. During the initial response phase of the stability framework, Army units
take the lead in providing for the population’s immediate critical needs, supporting and enabling other
actors as they become operational. Army units provide minimal assistance if the other actors are already
well-established. In any case, Army units assess essential services based on local norms. They determine
the levels of functionality necessary to mitigate instability.
1-20. The transformation phase of the stability framework occurs once the immediate crisis is past and
sufficient capacity begins to grow. This phase establishes the foundation for long-term development and
resolves root causes of conflict that lead to famine, dislocated civilians, refugee flows, and human
trafficking.
1-21. In the fostering sustainability phase of the stability framework, the host nation makes the efforts
permanent by institutionalizing positive change in society and ensuring it has the means to sustain progress.
If the situation in the host nation regresses, the host nation may resume stability tasks from earlier phases.
2 June 2014
FM 3-07
1-3
Chapter 1
1-22. Restore essential services can include eight subtasks:
Provide essential civil services.
Perform tasks related to civilian dislocation.
Support famine prevention and emergency food relief programs.
Support nonfood relief programs.
Support humanitarian demining.
Support human rights initiatives.
Support public health programs.
Support education programs.
(For a more detailed discussion of restore essential services subtasks, see chapter 4 of ATP 3-07.5.)
SUPPORT TO GOVERNANCE
1-23. Governance is the set of activities conducted by a government or community organization to
maintain societal order, define and enforce rights and obligations, and fairly allocate goods and services.
Effective, legitimate governance ensures these activities are transparent, accountable, and involve public
participation. Elections, while often an end state condition in planning, does not ensure these outcomes. In
societies divided along ethnic, tribal, or religious lines, elections may further polarize factions. Generally,
representative institutions based on universal suffrage offer the best means of fostering governance
acceptable to most citizens. If a host nation’s government or community organizations cannot provide
governance, some degree of military support may be necessary. In extreme cases where civil government or
community organizations are dysfunctional or absent, international law requires military forces to provide
basic civil administration.
1-24. Military forces perform subordinate tasks to facilitate support to governance during all three phases
of the stability framework. During the initial response phase of the stability framework, the U.S. military
may be directed to act as the transitional military authority to establish governance. In other cases, Army
commanders can influence host-nation officials who have formal authority but little capacity. In either case,
Army units develop host-nation partnerships and foster governance in their areas of operations. Even if
U.S. forces have formal authority as a transitional military authority, they work closely with host-nation
and interorganizational entities in order to prepare host-nation government and community organizations to
assume responsibility for governance.
1-25. In the transformation phase of the stability framework, responsibility for governance is transferred to
civilian authorities. This may be provisional under the control of an ambassador, a United Nations (UN)
mission, or some other temporary entity. In some cases, authority will be transferred to host-nation
representatives that may be from the same host-nation government prior to the operation. As Army units
develop host-nation institutional capability and capacity, they continue to foster good governance by
advising, assisting, supporting, and monitoring other actors.
1-26. In the fostering sustainability phase of the stability framework, host-nation authorities assume
complete responsibility for governance. Army units and host-nation security partners focus on maintaining
security, building capability and capacity, and facilitating appropriate security forces involvement in
governance. Army units continue to monitor developments regarding governance and identify concerns to
host-nation authorities and the U.S. Government.
1-27. Depending on the situation, support to governance has four primary subtasks:
Support transitional administrations.
Support development of local governance.
Support anticorruption initiatives.
Support elections.
(For a more detailed discussion of support to governance subtasks, see chapter 5 of ATP 3-07.5.)
1-4
FM 3-07
2 June 2014
Stability Tasks in Military Operations
SUPPORT TO ECONOMIC AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
1-28. Long-term peace and stability require sustainable host-nation economic and infrastructure
development. The end state is the creation of a sustainable economy. In post-conflict and fragile states,
host-nation actors, interagency partners, and interorganizational partners often have the most useful
knowledge and skills regarding the restoration and facilitation of economic and infrastructure development.
However, if security considerations or other factors restrict their ability to intervene, Army units should
assist host-nation entities to foster sustainable economic and infrastructure development.
1-29. Military forces perform subordinate tasks to facilitate support to economic and infrastructure
development during all three phases of the stability framework. In the initial response phase of the stability
framework, Army units take the lead in assessing local economic conditions and prioritizing the obstacles
to economic development. If other partners are unable to mitigate them, Army units work with host-nation
and interorganizational partners to implement activities. Depending on the situation, Army units may
provide security to foster commerce, create short-term livelihood opportunities, facilitate market access,
secure key infrastructure or natural resources, or perform other tasks. It is crucial for Army commanders to
implement only activities that support long-term sustainable development. For example, a project focused
on creating jobs in the short term must ensure appropriate wages for local economic conditions. Inadequate
wages for teachers or other professionals could eventually lead to their resignations. Such situations could
disrupt progress and distort expectations of the host nation’s economy and government.
1-30. During the transformation phase of the stability framework, Army units establish the foundation for
sustainable economic development and transition control of economic development to host-nation officials
or interorganizational entities. Army units focus on establishing host-nation institutions that can provide
sustainable economic growth. Once a civilian administration assumes control, Army units primarily advise
and assist those officials. During this phase, Army forces continuously update the economic and
infrastructure assessments. They transfer responsibility for maintaining the economy and infrastructure to
host-nation officials or interorganizational entities. In general, the transformation phase builds on and
reinforces successes of the initial response phase.
1-31. In the fostering sustainability phase of the stability framework, Army units facilitate the
institutionalization of a long-term, sustainable economic infrastructure development program and transition
economic control to host-nation officials and the civil society. The primarily task of Army units is to advise
and assist host-nation civilian economic officials.
1-32. Depending on the situation, economic and infrastructure development has ten primary subtasks:
Support economic generation and enterprise creation.
Support monetary institutions and programs.
Support national treasury operations.
Support public sector investment programs.
Support private sector development.
Protect natural resources and environment.
Support agricultural development programs.
Restore transportation infrastructure.
Restore telecommunications infrastructure.
Support general infrastructure reconstruction programs.
1-33. Before implementing any activities, Army units must first assess the economic and infrastructure
situation. This assessment should be based on local norms. It should identify and prioritize the sources of
instability that threat
