Description
For this assignment I need two things. For the first part I need a brochure to present to the patient on hypertension among African Americans (all the information from the previous three papers you helped me with put in a brochure). For the second part I need a 5-7 page paper. I attached the instructions and the three other papers for reference. Let me know if you have any questions.
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Assessing the Problem: Technology, Care Coordination, and Community Resources
Considerations
The Impact of Healthcare Technology on Hypertension
Healthcare technology has a significant impact on addressing hypertension among
African Americans. Therefore, we must consider the advantages and disadvantages of healthcare
technology, along with potential barriers and costs associated with its use. For starters, telehealth
and remote monitoring technologies have proven highly effective since they enhance access to
care (Ose et al.,2023), allowing patients like Anthony to have regular check-ins and blood
pressure monitoring from their homes. This promotes adherence to treatment plans and helps
healthcare providers keep a close watch on their patients’ progress.
Secondly, Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are another valuable tool in managing
hypertension among African Americans. They store comprehensive medical histories, thus
providing healthcare providers with quick access to vital information (Ose et al.,2023). These
records can include details about their diagnosis, treatment plans, and adherence to lifestyle
modifications in patients like Anthony. Additionally, EHRs ensure continuity of care, enhancing
the overall quality of healthcare. Lastly, mobile health apps have gained popularity in recent
years by offering patients various tools to manage their hypertension (Omboni, 2019). These
apps contain features such as medication reminders, dietary guidance, and exercise tracking.
They empower patients to take a proactive role in managing their health. Therefore, mobile
health apps can be an essential resource for staying on track with hypertension management for
patients.
However, healthcare technology has disadvantages since the digital divide is a significant
concern when implementing healthcare technology in underserved populations. Many African
Americans, particularly those with lower socioeconomic status, may lack access to smartphones,
computers, or reliable internet services (Ose et al.,2023). Therefore, this digital divide creates a
barrier, limiting their ability to utilize these technologies effectively. Secondly, using electronic
health records and telehealth platforms raises concerns about privacy and security. Moreover,
patients may be reluctant to share sensitive health information online, fearing data breaches or
unauthorized access. Therefore, these concerns must be addressed to gain patient trust and ensure
the successful adoption of healthcare technology.
Additionally, costs may represent challenges as implementing and maintaining healthcare
technology can be expensive, thus making it a hurdle for healthcare providers and patients.
Furthermore, healthcare facilities in low-income neighborhoods may lack the necessary
resources to fully adopt advanced healthcare technology (Dzau & Balatbat, 2019). I have
observed both the advantages and disadvantages of healthcare technology in the management of
hypertension among African-American patients in my nursing practice. For instance, telehealth
has proven to be an invaluable tool, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, as it has
facilitated patient education and remote monitoring (Monaghesh & Hajizadeh, 2020). However, I
have also witnessed the challenges some patients face in accessing and using these technologies,
particularly those with limited resources. Healthcare professionals must work toward bridging
the digital gap, ensuring patient privacy, and allocating resources to support technology adoption
in underserved communities to address these challenges effectively.
Care Coordination and Utilization of Community Resources in Addressing the Population
Problem
Care coordination and the utilization of community resources can significantly enhance
the quality of care and outcomes for patients like Anthony. It is crucial to consider the benefits,
potential opposing views, their alignment with nursing practice, and the barriers that may impede
their effectiveness to analyze their impact. Literature highlights the numerous benefits of care
coordination and community resource utilization in managing hypertension within underserved
populations. First, coordinated care can lead to better patient outcomes, improved adherence to
treatment plans, and reduced hospital readmissions (Swan et al.,2019). Community resources are
crucial in empowering patients to make lifestyle modifications and manage their condition
effectively.
There are some studies suggesting challenges in implementing care coordination and
community resource utilization. Some opposing views bring forth issues related to funding,
resource availability, or difficulties in engaging patients in these programs. I have witnessed the
benefits of care coordination and community resource utilization in managing hypertension in
my nursing practice. Collaborative efforts among healthcare providers, including nurses,
physicians, and dietitians, have enhanced the patient’s care experience and overall health
outcomes (Swan et al.,2019). Additionally, community resources, such as local support groups
and educational workshops, have provided valuable information and support to patients
(Ferdinand et al.,2020). However, barriers to the effective use of care coordination and
community resources in this context include resource limitations, such as funding for community
programs, and challenges in engaging patients from underserved communities. Therefore, these
barriers must be addressed to ensure all patients can benefit from coordinated care and
community resources, ultimately improving hypertension management and reducing health
disparities.
Analysis of State Board Nursing Practice Standards and Government Policies
Analyzing state board nursing practice standards and governmental policies related to
healthcare technology, care coordination, and community resources is essential for guiding
actions in addressing care quality, patient safety, and healthcare costs. These standards and
policies provide a framework for ensuring that nursing practice aligns with the best interests of
patients and the healthcare system. State board nursing practice standards set the foundation for
nursing care delivery since they outline the expected level of competence, ethical conduct, and
safety measures that nurses should uphold (Oldland et al.,2020). Therefore, these standards will
guide my actions by ensuring I provide care that aligns with evidence-based practices and the
highest quality standards. Additionally, they emphasize the importance of utilizing healthcare
technology effectively, coordinating care among various healthcare providers, and using
community resources to enhance patient outcomes (Oldland et al.,2020).
Secondly, organizational and governmental policies shape nursing practice by defining
the rules and regulations for healthcare organizations (Chiu et al., 2021). These policies will
guide my actions by providing a clear structure for implementing healthcare technology, care
coordination, and community resources within my practice. Moreover, they ensure the efficient
utilization of resources, aligning care with the best available evidence and patient needs (Chiu et
al., 2021). Next, policies and legislation also influence my nursing scope of practice within
technology, care coordination, and community resources. Federal initiatives, such as the
Affordable Care Act, can influence the availability of healthcare services and community
resources for underserved populations, impacting the scope of my practice (Isola & Reddivari,
2023).
Lastly, nursing ethics are fundamental in my approach to addressing the problem through
technology, care coordination, and community resources. Upholding ethical principles ensures
that my actions are aligned with the best interests of the patient. This means prioritizing patient
safety, respecting their choices, and advocating for access to the most appropriate resources and
technology for their care. Ethical decision-making will guide my practice in balancing the
effective use of technology and community resources while providing patient-centered,
culturally sensitive care. It will also ensure that care coordination efforts are conducted with
transparency and respect and that the patient’s well-being is at the forefront of every decision.
Conclusion
In conclusion, my analysis of healthcare technology, care coordination, and community
resources in addressing hypertension among African Americans highlights the vital role of these
components in improving patient outcomes. By adhering to nursing practice standards and
governmental policies, we can ensure that our actions are aligned with evidence-based care,
patient safety, and cost-effectiveness. The influence of local, state, and federal policies on our
nursing scope of practice further highlights the need for effective advocacy and adaptation to
evolving healthcare needs. Ultimately, our commitment to nursing ethics informs our approach,
placing the patient’s well-being at the forefront of our efforts to reduce health disparities and
enhance care quality.
References
Chiu, P., Cummings, G. G., Thorne, S., & Schick-Makaroff, K. (2021). Policy Advocacy and
Nursing Organizations: A Scoping Review. Policy, politics & nursing practice, 22(4),
271–291. https://doi.org/10.1177/15271544211050611
Dzau, V. J., & Balatbat, C. A. (2019). Future of hypertension: The need for transformation.
Hypertension, 74(3), 450-457.
Ferdinand, D. P., Nedunchezhian, S., & Ferdinand, K. C. (2020). Hypertension in African
Americans: Advances in community outreach and public health approaches. Progress in
cardiovascular diseases, 63(1), 40-45.
Isola S, Reddivari, AKR. Affordable Care Act. [Updated 2023 Jul 10]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549767/
Monaghesh, E., & Hajizadeh, A. (2020). The role of telehealth during COVID-19 outbreak: a
systematic review based on current evidence. BMC public health, 20(1), 1193.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09301-4
Oldland, E., Botti, M., Hutchinson, A. M., & Redley, B. (2020). A framework of nurses’
responsibilities for quality healthcare—Exploration of content validity. Collegian, 27(2),
150-163.
Omboni S. (2019). Connected Health in Hypertension Management. Frontiers in cardiovascular
medicine, 6, 76. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2019.00076
Ose, D., Adediran, E., Owens, R., Gardner, E., Mervis, M., Turner, C., … & Kiraly, B. (2023).
Electronic Health Record–Driven Approaches in Primary Care to Strengthen
Hypertension Management Among Racial and Ethnic Minoritized Groups in the United
States: Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25, e42409.
Swan, B. A., Haas, S., & Jessie, A. T. (2019). Care coordination: Roles of registered nurses
across the care continuum. Nursing Economics, 37(6), 317-323.
Assessing the Problem: Quality, Safety, and Cost Considerations
Introduction
In the United States, African Americans have an increased risk of hypertension compared
to other racial or ethnic groups (Forde et al., 2020). The American Heart Association (2022)
reports that approximately 55% of this demographic have high blood pressure. Addressing health
disparities among diverse populations is significant in delivering equitable and effective
healthcare. Therefore, this assignment examines the issue of hypertension in African Americans,
a prevalent health concern that disproportionately affects this demographic group.
Impact of Hypertension among African Americans to the System and Individual.
Hypertension among African Americans affects the quality of care, patient safety, and
healthcare costs. Hypertension can lead to serious safety and health concerns, such as heart
attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular complications (Maraboto & Ferdinand, 2020). African
Americans with hypertension are at a higher risk of these life-threatening events, greatly
impacting patient safety. This is consistent with my observations in nursing practice, where I
have witnessed patients from this demographic group experiencing severe health complications
such as kidney issues and vision problems due to uncontrolled hypertension. Often, many of
these individuals are unaware that they have high blood pressure and will go undiagnosed for
many years until they unexpectedly pass away.
Additionally, hypertension often necessitates frequent visits to the emergency department
and hospitalizations. African Americans with poorly managed hypertension tend to have higher
rates of Emergency Department visits and hospitalizations (Maraboto & Ferdinand, 2020). These
recurring healthcare encounters strain the healthcare system and increase costs for the healthcare
system and the individuals affected. Furthermore, managing hypertension typically involves
multiple medications, and the affordability and insurance coverage for these medications can
pose challenges (Maraboto & Ferdinand, 2020). This may lead to medication non-adherence and
exacerbation of the condition, affecting the quality of care and patient safety.
Effects of Standards and Policies on Hypertension among African Americans.
State Board Nursing practice standards and governmental policies play a vital role in
shaping the impact of hypertension among African Americans. State Board Nursing practice
standards set the framework for nursing care and guide nurses’ actions. These standards can
significantly impact the quality of care and patient safety (Boehning & Haddad, 2023). Adhering
to these standards ensures that nurses provide evidence-based and safe care. For instance, state
standards regarding medication administration and patient education directly influence the
management of hypertension. Therefore, complying with these standards enhances the quality of
care, improves patient safety, and minimizes errors.
Governmental policies, on the other hand, have broader implications. For example,
policies mandating regular blood pressure screenings in community health centers have
positively improved outcomes (Jaffe et al., 2022). Research has shown that such policies lead to
early detection of hypertension and better management, reducing adverse events and healthcare
costs (Jaffe et al., 2022). These policies guide healthcare delivery and impact the costs to the
system and individuals by preventing the need for more extensive and expensive interventions.
Research supporting the effectiveness of these standards and policies is well-documented.
Studies have shown that adherence to these standards and policies results in better outcomes and
reduced healthcare costs. For instance, a study conducted in a state where regular blood pressure
screenings were mandated found a significant decrease in severe hypertension-related
complications, ultimately improving patient safety (Schmidt et al., 2020). This evidence aligns
with the principles of nursing practice, emphasizing the importance of following established
standards and policies to ensure quality care and safety.
Therefore, I will actively incorporate these standards and policies in my nursing practice.
I will ensure that I adhere to State Board Nursing practice standards for medication management,
patient education, and monitoring. Additionally, I will advocate for and support policies that
promote preventive care, increase access to healthcare, and reduce disparities in hypertension
management among African Americans. This will involve active involvement in communitybased education and screening initiatives.
Government policies can significantly affect my nursing scope of practice. For instance,
state policies related to nursing scope can impact the accessibility of care for specific individuals
(Chiu et al., 2021). Additionally, initiatives like the Affordable Care Act influence health
insurance availability and access to hypertension management services (McIntyre & Song,
2019). These policies directly impact my ability to provide quality care, ensure patient safety,
and manage costs effectively.
Strategies to Improve Quality of Care, Enhance Patient Safety, and Reduce Costs to the
System and Individual.
Hypertension’s impact on care quality, patient safety, and costs among African
Americans requires different approaches to address this issue. These strategies have been
informed by research and are backed by evidence of their effectiveness in improving healthcare
outcomes. Patient education and self-management are key strategies in this attempt. Extensive
research consistently demonstrates that well-structured patient education programs empower
individuals to take control of their health (Delavar et al.,2020). Empowered patients exhibit
better adherence to treatment plans, improving blood pressure control and significantly reducing
cardiovascular events (Delavar et al.,2020). This directly translates to enhanced care quality,
heightened patient safety, and reduced healthcare costs.
Secondly, telehealth and remote monitoring technologies have emerged as fundamental
tools in healthcare. Numerous studies demonstrate their effectiveness in promoting patient
safety. Frequent remote monitoring enables early intervention, reducing the risk of serious health
events (Kario, 2020). Additionally, these technologies significantly decrease the frequency of
hospital visits, directly impacting healthcare costs. Also, cultural competency training for
healthcare providers is vital. Evidence supports the value of culturally sensitive care.
Trust and open communication between providers and African American patients,
fostered by cultural competency training, is key to ensuring patient safety. Patients are more
likely to engage with their care when they trust their healthcare providers. This leads to better
treatment adherence and enhanced care quality. Lastly, policy advocacy is a great approach to
drive systemic change. Well-designed policies can impact patient outcomes while
simultaneously reducing healthcare costs.
Sources of Benchmark Data.
A thorough understanding of benchmark data sources is vital to assessing these
strategies’ effectiveness. For starters, Electronic Health Records (EHR) provide detailed patient
information and offer insights into trends in care quality, patient safety, and healthcare costs
(Uslu & Stausberg, 2021). Secondly, patient registries, specifically designed for disease
management, enable tracking metrics and outcomes related to hypertension in African
Americans (Stausberg et al., 2021). Also, Healthcare Quality Improvement Organizations
contribute data on performance measures, guideline adherence, and patient outcomes for
benchmarking purposes (Fulop & Ramsay, 2019).
Additionally, healthcare claims and billing data offer insights into the financial aspects of
healthcare delivery, allowing for cost assessments. Patient surveys and feedback aid in
evaluating care quality and safety from the patient’s viewpoint. Lastly, research organizations
and agencies provide insights and evidence-based research on the effectiveness of these
strategies in improving care quality, patient safety, and reducing costs.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this assignment has shown various evidence-based strategies to address the
issue of hypertension in African Americans. These strategies, informed by extensive research,
offer a complete approach to enhancing care quality patient safety, and reducing healthcare costs.
Therefore, I aspire to improve patient outcomes and work towards a more equitable healthcare
system through patient education, technology, cultural competence, policy advocacy,
collaborative care models, and cost-effective medication management.
References
(2022, March 4). High Blood Pressure Among Black People. American Heart Association.
https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/high-blood-pressure/why-high-blood-pressure-isa-silent-killer/high-blood-pressure-and-african-americans
Boehning AP, Haddad LM. Nursing Practice Act. [Updated 2023 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls
[Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559012/
Chiu, P., Cummings, G. G., Thorne, S., & Schick-Makaroff, K. (2021). Policy Advocacy and
Nursing Organizations: A Scoping Review. Policy, politics & nursing practice, 22(4),
271–291. https://doi.org/10.1177/15271544211050611
Delavar, F., Pashaeypoor, S., & Negarandeh, R. (2020). The effects of self-management
education tailored to health literacy on medication adherence and blood pressure control
among elderly people with primary hypertension: A randomized controlled trial. Patient
education and counseling, 103(2), 336-342.
Forde, A. T., Sims, M., Muntner, P., Lewis, T., Onwuka, A., Moore, K., & Diez Roux, A. V.
(2020). Discrimination and Hypertension Risk Among African Americans in the Jackson
Heart Study. Hypertension, 76, 715-723.
https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14492
Fulop, N. J., & Ramsay, A. I. G. (2019). How organisations contribute to improving the quality
of healthcare. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 365, l1773. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l1773
Jaffe, M. G., DiPette, D. J., Campbell, N. R. C., Angell, S. Y., & Ordunez, P. (2022). Developing
population-based hypertension control programs. Revista panamericana de salud publica
= Pan American journal of public health, 46, e153.
https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2022.153
Kario, K. (2020). Management of hypertension in the digital era: small wearable monitoring
devices for remote blood pressure monitoring. Hypertension, 76(3), 640–650.
Maraboto, C., & Ferdinand, K. C. (2020). Update on hypertension in African-Americans.
Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 63(1), 33–39.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2019.12.002
McIntyre, A., & Song, Z. (2019). The US Affordable Care Act: Reflections and directions at the
close of a decade. PLoS medicine, 16(2), e1002752.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002752
Schmidt, B. M., Durao, S., Toews, I., Bavuma, C. M., Hohlfeld, A., Nury, E., Meerpohl, J. J., &
Kredo, T. (2020). Screening strategies for hypertension. The Cochrane database of
systematic reviews, 5(5), CD013212. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013212.pub2
Stausberg, J., Harkener, S., & Semler, S. C. (2021). Recent Trends in Patient Registries for
Health Services Research. Methods of information in medicine, 60(S 01), e1–e8.
https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1724104
Uslu, A., & Stausberg, J. (2021). Value of the Electronic Medical Record for Hospital Care:
Update From the Literature. Journal of medical Internet research, 23(12), e26323.
https://doi.org/10.2196/26323
Complete this assessment in two parts: (a) develop an intervention as a solution to the
problem and (b) submit your proposed intervention, with a written analysis, to your
faculty for review and approval.
Part 1
Develop an intervention, as a solution to the problem, based on your assessment and
supported by data and scholarly, evidence-based sources.
In this assessment, you’ll develop an intervention as a solution to the health problem
you’ve defined. To prepare for the assessment, think about an appropriate intervention,
based on your work in the preceding assessments, that will produce tangible,
measurable results for the patient, family, or group. In addition, you might consider
using a root cause analysis to explore the underlying reasons for a problem and as the
basis for developing and implementing an action plan to address the problem. Some
appropriate interventions include the following:
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Creating an educational brochure.
Producing an educational voice-over PowerPoint presentation or video focusing on
your topic.
Incorporate relevant aspects of the following considerations that shaped your
understanding of the problem:
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Leadership.
Collaboration.
Communication.
Change management.
Policy.
Quality of care.
Patient safety.
Costs to the system and individual.
Technology.
Care coordination.
Community resources.
Part 2
In a separate written deliverable, write a 5–7 page analysis of your intervention.
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Summarize the patient, family, or population problem.
Explain why you selected this problem as the focus of your project.
Explain why the problem is relevant to your professional practice and to the patient,
family, or group.
In addition, address the requirements outlined below. These requirements correspond
to the scoring guide criteria for this assessment, so be sure to address each main point.
Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be
assessed. In addition, note the additional requirements for document format and length
and for supporting evidence.
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Define the role of leadership and change management in addressing the problem.
o Explain how leadership and change management strategies influenced the
development of your proposed intervention.
o Explain how nursing ethics informed the development of your proposed
intervention.
o Include a copy of the intervention/solution/professional product.
Propose strategies for communicating and collaborating with the patient, family, or
group to improve outcomes associated with the problem.
o Identify the patient, family, or group.
o Discuss the benefits of gathering their input to improve care associated with the
problem.
o Identify best-practice strategies from the literature for effective communication
and collaboration to improve outcomes.
Explain how state board nursing practice standards and/or organizational or
governmental policies guided the development of your proposed intervention.
o Cite the standards and/or policies that guided your work.
o Describe research that has tested the effectiveness of these standards and/or
policies in improving outcomes for this problem.
Explain how your proposed intervention will improve the quality of care, enhance
patient safety, and reduce costs to the system and individual.
o Cite evidence from the literature that supports your conclusions.
o Identify relevant and available sources of benchmark data on care quality,
patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.
Explain how technology, care coordination, and the utilization of community
resources can be applied in addressing the problem.
o Cite evidence from the literature that supports your conclusions.
Write concisely and directly, using active voice.
Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references.
Additional Requirements
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Format: Format the written analysis of your intervention using APA style. Be sure to
include:
o A title page and reference page. An abstract is not required.
o Appropriate section headings.
Length: Your paper should be approximately 5–7 pages in length, not including the
reference page.
Supporting evidence: Cite at least five sources of scholarly or professional
evidence that support your central ideas. Resources should be no more than five
years old. Provide in-text citations and references in APA format.
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