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Hi, thank you so much. By any chance can you please explain and answer the problems on this homework sheet for me please? Thank you so much for taking the time to do so, I really appreciate it. Let me know if you have any questions.
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Homework # 4
March 4, 2024
A companion assignment will be posted on Canvas. The assignment on Canvas is where you will submit/select your answers. This assignment is due on Friday 3/8/24 and covers topics in lectures 15-18 and
chapter 8 and part of 14.
1. What is the primary cause of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)?
A. Differential heating of land and ocean
B. Variation in atmospheric pressure
C. Global wind patterns
D. Formation of tropical thunderstorms
2. Seasonal shifts in the location of the ITCZ drives
A. monsoons.
B. upwelling.
C. desertification.
D. snowfall in the Andes.
3. What is upwelling?
A. The movement of warm surface waters towards the poles
B. The flow of cold, nutrient-rich waters towards the surface ocean layer
C. The temperature inversion during severe thunderstorms
D. The formation of a localized low-pressure system
4. Which components of Earth’s General Circulation were included in laboratory demonstration shown in
class: (select all that are correct)
A. rotation
B. pole to equator temperature gradient
C. topography
D. land / ocean temperature differences
E. ocean circulation
5. You are standing at the North Pole and throw a paper plane directly towards the Equator. Assuming
the Coriolis force acts on the plane as it would on wind currents in the atmosphere, what would happen
to the plane’s trajectory? (Hint: Click Here)
A. It would continue straight along the path of the throw, reaching the Equator without deviation
B. It would veer to the right, moving in a clockwise spiral as it heads towards the Equator
C. It would veer to the left, moving in a counterclockwise spiral as it heads towards the Equator
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D. It would immediately drop to the ground due to the intense gravitational pull at the North
Pole
6. How are precipitation and desert belts related to the general circulation of our atmosphere? (select all
correct answers)
A. Desert belts are commonly located in the subtropical high-pressure zones, where descending
air promotes dry and stable conditions.
B. Desert belts are predominantly found in the polar regions, where cold temperatures and limited
moisture availability result in dry landscapes.
C. Precipitation belts are primarily found at the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the
mid-latitude storm tracks, which are regions of ascending air and low pressure in the general
circulation.
D. Precipitation belts are solely determined by local topography, such as the presence of mountains
and proximity to large bodies of water.
E. Precipitation belts are uniform across the globe and occur at the same latitudes due to the
distribution of solar energy.
7. The El Niño and La Niña events are phases of the ENSO climate phenomenon. What are some typical
effects of an El Niño event? (Select all that apply)
A. Wetter conditions in the Southwestern United States
B. Cooler than average sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Equatorial Pacific.
C. An increase in the number of Atlantic hurricanes.
D. Warmer conditions in the Pacific Northwest.
8. Why are La Niña events typically considered beneficial for fishing seasons?
A. They increase the sea surface temperatures, which is favorable for fish reproduction.
B. They result in excessive rainfall that dilutes ocean salinity, attracting more fish.
C. They bring about the upwelling of nutrients from colder sea surface temperatures, which boosts
marine life.
D. They cause a decrease in ocean currents, making it easier for fish to be caught
9. Consider the table below, which represents ocean temperature anomalies (in degrees Celsius) for different
quarters of the year in the Pacific Ocean. Your task is to determine the ENSO event for each year based
on these anomalies (El Niño, La Niña, or Neutral)
Year JFM Anomaly
2022
−0.5
2023
0.8
2024
−0.2
AMJ Anomaly
−0.3
1.0
−0.5
JAS Anomaly
0.2
1.2
−0.8
OND Anomaly
0.6
0.7
−1.0
10. What is ENSO?
A. ENSO stands for Extreme Northern- Southern Oscillation, a climate pattern related to extreme
weather events in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
B. ENSO refers to El Niño-Southern Oscillation, a phenomenon characterized by the synchronization of weather patterns in polar regions.
C. ENSO refers to El Niño-Southern Oscillation, a climate pattern involving ocean-atmosphere
interactions in the tropical Pacific. El Niño brings warm oceanic waters to the eastern Pacific.
D. ENSO refers to El Niño-Southern Oscillation, a climate pattern characterized by the warming
of ocean waters in the eastern Pacific.
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11. Explore some climate data: NOAA provides a nice user interface to explore temperature time series
data. Explore the tool tool here. try making some different maps. Then use the time series to explore
the data for Michigan. What was Michigan’s warming trend in degrees Fahrenheit per decade for the
years from 1960 to 1980? To calculate this, set the choices in the drop down menus to match those
shown in the image below:
Figure 1: Set your choices to match those shown in the screen shot above. The look on the plot produced
to find the warming trend.
12. How does the warming trend from the 60’s and 70’s compare to the overall warming trend for all the
data and for the most recent 20 years?
13. Use the same tool to explore which seasons are warming most. Select Time Scale: 3-month. First choose
month: July then month: January. Over the full data set use the trend to determine if are our winters
or summers getting warmer faster?
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