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THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO
COUNTRIES: ELECTROPLATING WASTE
MANAGEMENT”
Tianyang Dong
INTERNSHIP OUTLINE
• This presentation will be talking about the Cyanide Hydrogen Waste
treatment in Electroplating industry.
INTERNSHIP DETAIL
• I am working for SAMTEC at their electroplating
waste lab. My job is online data analyzing and
translation towards waste gas data during daily
industrial production. The main industrial waste
material is Cyanide Hydrogen. Which is a
extremely poisonous and harmful electroplating
waste.
WHAT IS ELECTROPLATING
• a process by which metal ions migrate through
a solution from a positive electrode to a
negative one
• to improve object surface qualities such as
abrasion and corrosion resistance, lubricity,
reflectivity, electrical conductivity, and
appearance
SAMTEC
• Samtec, Inc. established in 1976, is a global electronic connector manufacturer
headquartered in the United States of America. Samtec China (Shanghai and Huizhou) is the
branch location responsible for sales and production services throughout China.
GLOBAL SUPPORT NETWORK
Samtec Confidential
With more than 25,000+ direct customers spanning all
industries, Samtec serves well-known global tech giants,
small start-ups, and everyone in between.
13
DESIGN
CENTERS
14 OPERATION
FACILITIES
22 SALES
OFFICES
GLOBAL
7.2K
EMPLOYEES
+
125+ SALES
SUPPORT
Samtec Huizhou Shopfloor 申泰惠州现场
Connector Shopfloor
Plating Shopfloor
◆ 8 Plating lines
◆ Quality
◆ Lab
◆ WWT
HDR Shopfloor
• Electroplating copper, graphic electroplating exhaust after treatment
discharge port
• Alkaline etching exhaust treatment outlet
• Etch exhaust gas treatment outlet
• Discharge port after electroplating waste gas treatment
MAP OF THE FACILITY
WASTE FROM ELECTROPLATING
• The waste chemicals that is caused by the electroplating industry can be
separated into two parts
• concentrated solutions: degreasing, pickling, and washing
• washing waters: effluents (diluted waste water)
DAMAGE OF THE WASTE
• When certain chemicals are washed away into wastewater and sent into
the environment, the damage caused by these waste can be extensive.
• When hazardous waste enter the water supply or food supply for human
consumption, they can create a host of damaging health problems over a
long period of time.
• Waste containing hazardous chemicals can cause health issues including
heart disease, liver disease, tumors, and brain cancer.
FOR EXAMPLE
• Effluents that contain cyan and complex cyanide salt of various metals.
Cyanide concentrations can range anywhere from 5-300mg/l. Even at
levels of less than 1mg/l, cyanide can be toxic to aquatic life.
• Small amounts of cadmium compounds may make it more difficult for fish to
survive in their natural saltwater and freshwater habitats.
WHY HYDROGEN CYANIDE?
• Because cyanogen root has good complexation, surface activity and
activation properties, Hydrogen cyanide is widely used in electroplating
copper, zinc, silver, gold, copper alloy and depleting.
• In electroplating facilities, Hydrogen cyanide waste normally occurs in a
poisonous cloud form. Electroplating waste gas is very harmful to the
environment and human body, and the harm analysis of electroplating
waste shows most gas wastes can directly harm human and the
environment.
HCN LEVEL IN 2 EXAMINING WEEKS
8/21/2023–9/3/2023
Mg/m^3
REGULATION LEVELS
• China-Emission standard of pollutants for semiconductor industry
DB32/3747-2020: HCN 0.5 mg/m^3
• US-International Cyanide Management Code: HCN 0.58 mg/m^3
TREATMENT METHODS
• The absorption method is widely used in industry, and its process is mature.
Absorption method is the process of absorbing waste gas containing HCN
with lye to generate CN- and then treating CN-, and eventually converted
into harmless and non-toxic substances before being discharged.
ABSORBENT METHOD
• Direct current is fed into an electrolytic cell containing cyanide ion waste
liquid with iron plate as cathode and graphite as anode. Simple cyanide
and complex in wastewater can be oxidized to cyanate, nitrogen and
carbon dioxide.
• When cyanide content [CN-] ≦500mg/L, add salt to increase electrolyte
concentration; When [CN-] >500mg/L, electrolysis can be carried out directly,
often a treatment can not meet the standard, need further treatment.
ADSORPTION METHOD
• This method use adsorbents to adsorb HCN gas, to reduce the emission
concentration of HCN, control its pollutant level, commonly used adsorbents
are activated carbon, silica gel and metal.
CATALYTIC COMBUSTION METHOD
• The active component of the catalyst continuously activates oxygen in the air at a
certain temperature. When the active oxygen comes into contact with the reaction,
the energy it obtains is quickly transferred to the reaction molecules. It is an activator
that energizes the activation of the HCN-based film.
• In the HCN catalytic combustion process, companies commonly used catalysts
include transition metal and noble metal catalysts,
• When the temperature is lower than 573K, the chemical reaction rate mainly
controls the conversion rate of the catalytic reaction.
• When the temperature is higher than 673K, it is mainly controlled by the mass transfer
rate.
• 653K is the ideal optimal operating point, operating under this condition can greatly
reduce the volume of catalyst used and make full use of the preheated inlet gas to
increase the conversion rate.
CONCLUSION
• Many chemicals and waste materials used in electroplating are highly
toxic and carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic. At present, a
large amount of environmental pollution has seriously damaged the
natural ecology and seriously affected human life and health. The
harmful gases produced shall be discharged in an organized manner,
and purification treatment shall be carried out according to their
characteristics before discharge. Wastewater should also be purified
according to its properties and components before being discharged.
In order to achieve sustainable development, research on
environmental impact assessment and pollution prevention and
control technologies should be strengthened, which has important
practical significance.
CITATION
• On the Hydrogen Cyanide Removal from Air using Metal loaded Polyacrylonitrile Composite December
2017Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 7(4):303-315 LicenseCC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• https://www.greenstar.com.cn/new/136.html
• https://www.mee.gov.cn/image20010518/5348.pdf
• https://pinellas.gov /a-guide-to-electroplating-wastemanagement/#:~:text=Electroplating%20wastes%20are%20potentially%20hazardous,generated%20by%20the%2
0electroplating%20industry.
• https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-378994#:~:text=The%20order%20of%20concentrations%20of,%3C%20Ni%20%3C%20Fe%20%3C%20Zn.
• https://sensorex.com/plating-in-industrial-wastewater-treatment-plants/#Composition_of_Wastewater
• http://www.calorplastcn.com/show_news.asp?id=269#:~:text=美国电镀行业废水预,均为
0.5mg%EF%BC%8FL%E3%80%82
• https://www.h2o-china.com/news/267670.html
• https://www.mee.gov.cn/ywgz/fgbz/bz/bzwb/shjbh/swrwpfbz/200807/W020211018585573047867.pdf
QUESTIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• I would like to express my thanks to
• Instructor: Dr. Lafavers
• SAMTEC Department Manager: Mr. Jin
• SAMTEC lab Instructor: Mr. Zhang
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