Description
I have ESC1000 and we have to write a term paper. My topic is Terraforming Mars to make it inhabitable, is it possible?I have submitted my bibliography that I received a 90% on (because I needed to redo the MLA format which I have done now), but I still need to make a rough draft. I am required to use the links that I used in my bibliography. I will attach my bibliography along with what I have typed so far, and the term project instructions.
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Diana Motta
ESC1000
November 8, 2023
Rough Draft
Have you ever wondered if there could be another “world” out there? Maybe another
planet where us “humans” can reside? And if so, which one of our planets even closely
resembles the Earth and its components, enough to inhabit ‘man’? The answer would be Mars.
Although Mars is much smaller than Earth, two times smaller, it still has a lot of components that
are like Earth. Together, we will learn about Mars’ atmosphere and what it contains in
comparison to Earth’s atmosphere. We will learn about the different primary ways to terraform
Mars that have been tested by experts, and how it may or may not work in relation to today’s
technology. Lastly, we will learn about what is required for a planet to inhabit life and how that
looks for Mars.
Besides having this alluring red and rocky surface, Mars was made up of mostly flowing
water, and canals at one point, much like Earth. Mars also had a magnetic field just like the
Earth, which protects us from the sun’s powerful UV rays.
Diana Motta
ESC-1000
October 6, 2023
Bibliography
Mehta, Jatan. “Can We Make Mars Earth-Like Through Terraforming?” The Planetary Society. 19
Apr. 2021,
https://www.planetary.org/articles/can-we-make-mars-earth-like-through-terraforming
This website explains how Mars was once inhabitable: how Mars looked 3-4 billion years ago and
how it in fact did have water but was stripped away from its magnetic field. As a result, it turned into
what it is today. This page also explains the atmosphere, what it consists of, and different ideas in
comparison to Earth, on how to terraform it. This would be a good source to include in my paper.
Steigerwald, William. “Mars Terraforming Not Possible Using Present-Day Technology.” NASA. 30
Jul., 2018, https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/mars-terraforming-not-possible-using-present-daytechnology/
NASA explains the primary way to terraform Mars, by releasing carbon dioxide gas to increase
atmospheric pressure. They cover “Greenhouse Gases” and how that is essential to be habitable to
man. Mars has deep deposits of minerals that might be able to hold CO2, but it is unknown. Also,
NASA explains how future technology plays a better role in distributing things like ice caps, dust
particles filled with CO2, or redirecting comets. This is a good site to explain the primary way, and
other ways it can be done.
Warner, Nicholas H., and Jack D. Farmer. “Subglacial hydrothermal alteration minerals in jokulhlaup
deposits of southern Iceland, with implications for detecting past or present habitable environments
on Mars.” Astrobiology, Vol. 10, Issue 5, Gale Academic Onefile, Jun. 2010,
https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=lincclin_hcc&id=GALE%7CA231607663&v=2.1&it=r&at
y=sso%3A+shibboleth
This article explores the geological processes of Mars in comparison to those of Earth. It goes into
detail about the different essential minerals on Earth that Mars consists of and does not consist of and
how that might impact geological conditions. This article further explains about how tests on Iceland
suggests the hydrothermal conditions on Mars. This can help me explain the difference between the
minerals on Mars, and those of Earth.
Russel, Henry Norris. “Is Mars Habitable?” Scientific American, vol. 137, no. 1, 1927, pp. 20–21.
JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/24964652
This journal article discusses Mars heat to be reflected sunlight and discusses its dense atmosphere, in
comparison to the Earth. It describes the impact that clouds, or water vapor haze make on a planet. It
further elaborates the temperatures of Mars, and how ice caps are affected by this climate, despite
when the sun rises, or falls. This article helps me explain the atmosphere on Mars.
Des Marais, David J. “Exploring Mars for Evidence of Habitable Environments and Life.”
Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, vol. 154, no. 4, Dec. 2010, pp. 402–21. JSTOR,
http://www.jstor.org/stable/23056860
This article goes into detail about what life is, and the different things that are required for a planet, or
in this case, Mars, to inhabit life. Some of those things being water, chemical building blocks,
temperature, and energy. The experts explain how the sun is readily available because of how it orbits
the Sun, but it has harsh, dry conditions. They also explain how at some point there was habitable
conditions in certain localities on Mars for quite some time in past but not now.
Earth Science, ESC 1000
Term Project Outline
(100 points of total semester grade)
Assignment
Topics List
Annotated Bibliography
Rough Draft
Term Paper
Late Term Paper
Due Date
Wednesday, September 27th
Friday, October 13th
Friday, November 29th
Wednesday, December 6th
Tuesday, December 12th
How to submit your assignments: Login to Canvas (MyHCC) > hover over the “courses &
groups” tab and click the link for your lecture course > click the “assignments” link found in the
list on the top left > click on the assignment name > follow the instructions provided
How to receive feedback: Click the “Grades” link found in the list on the top left > click on
your lecture course > find the assignment and click on the comments icon found under details
The Science Behind Your Area of Interest
The main purpose of the paper is for you to gain a better understanding of the science
behind a topic that interests you. During your research you will become the class authority on
this topic. When this topic comes up in the classroom be prepared to answer questions. Also,
be prepared to discuss your research with classmates towards the end of the semester. The
major goal, however, is to produce a written work that will convey the knowledge you have
obtained about your area of interest.
Topic: (10 points)
Choose a topic that interests you, and will provide adequate information for the paper. I
have included a list of suggested topics, but do not feel limited to this list. You must submit to
me via Canvas (MyHCC) Assignments your topic list by the date listed above. Include 3
choices; one primary and two backups in case your primary topic has already been chosen or
is unacceptable. I will respond via Blackboard Grade Book Feedback (see above) as to
whether your topic is acceptable and provide suggestions to aid your individual research.
Annotated Bibliography: (20 points)
It is understandable to begin your research checking websites, but don’t let this be the
end of your research. You must include at least 5 references, with no more than 2 online
references. FYI: A source that is found online but is also published in print is not considered an
“online” source. Cite the printed version and also provide the website where it was found. You
are required to include at least 1 scientific journal article or research paper.
The reference list must include a correctly formatted citation in MLA style (see the
resources below for help), and an annotation for each source. The annotation should include
a brief summary of the source (1-2 sentences), an interesting fact from the source (1
sentence), and how the source will benefit your project (1 sentence). Therefore, annotations
should exceed 3 sentences total. The annotated bibliography must be turned in via Canvas
(MyHCC) Assignments by the date listed above. Make sure to attach an original copy of the
word document (click the “browse my computer” link). MAC Pages Users: export your file as
.doc (file > export > word tab).
Example of one annotated bibliography entry:
Foos, Annabelle. “Geology of the Moab Region (Arches, Dead Horse Point and
Canyonlands).” Geology Department, University of Akron. 21 Mar. 2007.
.
This is an online text about the geologic processes of the Moab area. It explains the
effects of salt deformation on arch formation. It is interesting that most sandstone in the area
deforms in a plastic manner, while the Entrada and Navajo sandstones go through brittle
deformation. This paper has more than enough information on salt tectonics, arch formation,
the Moab Fault, and provides many stratigraphic columns and diagrams that will be useful for
my paper.
Term Paper: (70 points)
• Due to Gordon Rule requirements, you must submit a paper. Failure to do so will
result in a highest course grade of “D.”
• What to include: science behind your topic, in-depth discussion of subtopics, scientific
research, interesting facts/subjects, and your own twist (make it interesting).
• Make sure to keep the paper “scientific.” While your topic may be politically fueled,
make sure to focus on the science as opposed to the spin (news and politics).
• Do not focus on: politics, economics, sociology, history, biology (plants and animals), or
other non-Earth Science related subjects
• Length: 2-4 pages
• A Works Cited page and citing references within paragraphs are required, use MLA
style (annotations are not needed for the works cited on the final paper)
• Format: margins 1 in. on all sides,12 point Times New Roman font, and 1.5 line spacing
• Grading: based on content, thoroughness, research, use of the English language, and
grammar (in that order).
• Submit through Canvas (MyHCC) Assignments
o Make sure to attach an original copy of the word processing document (click the
“browse” link).
o MAC Pages users: export your files as .doc (file > export > word tab).
• Papers will be considered LATE after the date above and will receive a 10% reduction
in grade at that time. The final day to turn in LATE term papers is the day of the final
exam, no exceptions.
Need Help:
I have provided Hillsborough Community College’s “Research, Writing and Documentation”
file on Blackboard under course files, which is a great resource for all you will need to know on
how to get help for writing research papers. Use the resources listed such as the library staff,
Tutorial and Writing Center, Smarthinking (online writing help), and internet links for research
paper guides, MLA format, library research, etc. Also, feel free to ask me any questions that
arise during the process via email or during office hours. Good luck!
Suggested Topics (“A specific” means you pick a specific ___________ )
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A specific mineral
A specific rock
A specific mountain or mountain chain
A specific volcano or volcanic eruption
Geologic history of a specific time period
A specific event in geologic history (global, North America, FL, etc.)
Geology, or Meteorology of a particular town/area
Geology of a National/State Park/Monument
Mining history of a town or specific mine
Mining of a specific resource (oil, gas, mineral, rock, etc.)
An extinction event in Geologic Time (KT boundary PT Boundary)
Hotspots
A historic earthquake
A specific fault or fault system (or earthquake prone area)
Fossils and fossil mining (Dinosaur and others)
A specific glacier or glacial period
A specific geyser or hot spring
El Nino/La Nina
Ocean oscillatory currents
Thermo Hyaline Circulation (what happens if it breaks down i.e. “The Day After
Tomorrow”)
Alternative energy sources (wind power, geothermal, wave power, solar energy)
Historic catastrophic events (Hurricanes, Tornadoes, Earthquakes, Tsunamis, etc.)
Water resources, aquifers, and water pollution
Meteor Impacts
A specific desert
Desertification (conversion of arable land to desert)
Soil resources or soil science
A specific coastline/coast
Lightning or lightning safety
The climate of an area of interest (Japan, Pacific Northwest, Moab, Iceland, etc.)
A specific landslide, mudslide, lahar, etc.
A specific seafloor feature (mid-ocean ridge, trench, island arc chain, etc.)
A specific plate boundary
The Ring of Fire
Impact of volcanic eruptions on climate
Environmental issues related to man’s impact
Global climate change
Sea level rise
The Moon, a planet, or a galaxy
Anything else appropriate
You may also relate any topic to Tampa, Florida, North America, or any area/town of
interest (maybe your hometown)
Any other Earth Science topic that interests you
DO NOT BE CONSTRAINED BY THIS LIST. YOU MAY PICK ANY TOPIC THAT
INTERESTS YOU AS LONG AS IT PERTAINS TO EARTH SCIENCE.
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