Doctoral Study

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Hi, I am sending you my Prospectus Form was done before but this time need to write in APA format. I am sending Dr. PH doctoral study Template, need to follow the Template to write the paper. Use all the information I have at the Prospectus Form. Thank you

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Abstract
[Doctoral Study Title]
by
[your official name]
MA/MS, [university], 20XX
BS, [university], 20XX
Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Doctor of Public Health
Walden University
[last month of term you graduate] 20XX
Abstract
Insert abstract here; it should be no more than one page. Abstract text must be doublespaced with no paragraph breaks. Describe the overall research problem being addressed
in the first couple of sentences and indicate why it is important (e.g., who would care if
the problem is solved). You can include a general introduction of the issue in the first
sentence, but you need to move to a clear statement of the research problem being
addressed. Identify the purpose of the study; state theoretical foundation; summarize the
key research question(s); and describe concisely the overall research design, methods,
and data analytic procedures. Identify the key results and findings and recommendations
that capture the heart of the research for the final doctoral study; however, do not include
results and conclusions in the proposal abstract. Conclude with a statement on the
application to professional practice and the implications for positive social change. Here
are some form and style tips for the abstract: (a) limit the abstract to one typed page; (b)
maintain the scholarly language used throughout the doctoral study; (c) keep the abstract
concise, accurate, and readable; (d) use correct English; (e) ensure that each sentence
adds value to the reader’s understanding of the research; and (f) use the full name of any
abbreviation, and include the abbreviation in parentheses if you use it again in the
abstract. Do not include references or citations in the abstract. Per APA Style, spell out
numbers nine and below, and use numerals for numbers 10 and above. If a number is the
first word of a sentence, always spell it out. For more guidance on writing this paragraph,
consult the abstract assistance materials available on the Center for Research Quality
website.
[Doctoral Study Title]
by
[your official name]
MA/MS, [university], 20XX
BS, [university], 20XX
Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Doctor of Public Health
Walden University
[last month of term you graduate] 20XX
Dedication
This is an optional page for a dedication. If you include a dedication, use regular
paragraph spacing as shown here (not centered, italicized, or otherwise formatted). If you
do not wish to include this page, delete the heading and the body text.
Acknowledgments
This is an optional page for acknowledgments. It is a nice place to thank the
faculty, family members, and friends who have helped you reach this point in your
academic career.
No page number appears on any of the pages up to this point. If you do not wish
to include this page, delete the heading and the body text, but leave the section break that
you see below this text.
Table of Contents
List of Tables ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ii
List of Figures …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. iii
Section 1: Foundation of the Study and Literature Review (APA Level 0 Heading)……….1
APA Level 1 Heading ……………………………………………………………………………………….1
APA Level 2 Heading ………………………………………………………………………………… 1
Section 2: Research Design and Data Collection ……………………………………………………….3
First Heading ……………………………………………………………………………………………………3
Section 3: Presentation of the Results and Findings ……………………………………………………4
First Heading ……………………………………………………………………………………………………4
Section 4: Application to Professional Practice and Implications for Social
Change ………………………………………………………………………………………………………6
First Heading ……………………………………………………………………………………………………6
References …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….7
Appendix A: Title of Appendix ……………………………………………………………………………….8
The Table of Contents (TOC) above must be updated to reflect the headings and
pagination within your own document. First, you must ensure that you have applied the
appropriate Styles tags to all APA Level 0, 1, and 2 headings. To update the TOC,
RIGHT CLICK anywhere in the Table of Contents, select UPDATE FIELD, then select
UPDATE ENTIRE TABLE or UPDATE PAGE NUMBERS ONLY, and click OK. This
should populate the TOC with all headings tagged as APA Level 0, 1, and 2 within your
document.
Troubleshooting tip: Sometimes, if a heading is very short, the dot leader will not appear
for that heading when the TOC is first generated. If this occurs for a particular heading,
place your cursor after that heading in the TOC and hit the Tab key; the dot leader should
then appear.
i
List of Tables
Table 1. A Sample Table Showing Correct Formatting …………………………………………….. 4
Table 2. Another Sample Table ……………………………………………………………………………… 4
The List of Tables above must be updated to reflect any tables in your document. If you
do not have any tables, delete this page (including the page break at the end of the page).
To update the above List of Tables, you must ensure that you have used the Insert
Caption method to label your tables, following the instructions at the end of this template.
Once you have done this, to update the List of Tables, RIGHT CLICK anywhere in the
List of Tables, select UPDATE FIELD, then select UPDATE ENTIRE TABLE or
UPDATE PAGE NUMBERS ONLY, and click OK. This will populate the List of Tables
with your table numbers and titles.
If you follow this method, the table number and title will come in without a period
between them, and there will be a mix of bold, italic, and plain font. Clean up the List of
Tables manually by selecting all of the text and removing bolding and italics, then enter a
period after each table number and one character space before the table title, as shown in
the model in the template.
ii
List of Figures
Figure 1. Figure Title ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 5
Figure 2. Another Figure Title ……………………………………………………………………………….. 5
The List of Figures must be updated to reflect any figures in your document. If you do
not have any figures, delete this page, but be careful not to delete the Section Break at
the end of the page, as doing so will disrupt the pagination of the template.
To update the above List of Figures, you must ensure that you have used the Insert
Caption method to label your figures, following the instructions at the end of this
template. Once you have done this, to update the List of Figures, RIGHT CLICK
anywhere in the List of Figures, select UPDATE FIELD, then select UPDATE ENTIRE
TABLE or UPDATE PAGE NUMBERS ONLY, and click OK. This will populate the
List of Figures with your figure numbers and titles.
If you follow this method, the figure number and title will come in without a period
between them, and there will be a mix of bold, italic, and plain font. Clean up the List of
Figures manually by selecting all of the text and removing bolding and italics, then enter
a period after each figure number and one character space before the figure title, as
shown in the model in the template.
iii
1
Section 1: Foundation of the Study and Literature Review (APA Level 0 Heading)
APA Level 1 Heading
Insert the text of the foundation of the study and your literature review here.
Report the literature in past tense, as in Jones (2003) argued, not Jones (2003) argues. For
more guidance on the content of this section, consult the Doctoral Study Checklist on the
DrPH page of the Center for Research Quality website.
Begin text here.
APA Level 2 Heading
Place your text here; when placing your cursor on this text, you will see in the
Styles menu that this paragraph is tagged “Body Text.” That means it will automatically
appear double-spaced with the first line indented, per Walden style. The seventh edition
of the APA manual advises one character space between sentences.
You can find the Styles menu in most recent versions of Microsoft Word by
clicking on the Home tab on the standard toolbar; Styles is one of the areas you will see
there. Click on the arrow icon in the lower right corner of the Styles area, and a dropdown menu of styles will appear.
To apply this template’s formatting to the text of your paper, simply highlight the
paragraph(s) or heading you want to format and choose the appropriate tag from the
Styles menu. The list of style tags includes all levels of headings, block quotes, APA
references, and body text.
APA Level 3 Heading
Text begins here.
2
APA Level 4 Heading. Text begins here. The following is an example of a block
quote:
This is an example of a block quote. Note that there are no quotation marks
around the quoted material because the block formatting indicates that it is a
direct quote. Use block formatting for all quotes of 40 or more words. Include the
citation after the final punctuation for the quote, as shown. The author and year
may precede the quote, with the page number(s) in parentheses after the final
punctuation. There is no punctuation after the citation. (Author, date, p. #)
If you make a mistake and something changes that you did not want to change,
use the Undo command. In MS Word, you can Undo Typing by pressing Ctrl (Control) +
Z on a PC or
(Command) + Z on a Mac. Alternatively, on the Quick Access toolbar,
next to the Save icon, click on the left-facing arrow icon for Undo Typing.
As you develop your proposal and final study in this template, use the instructions
in the comment balloons on page 1 to add new headings and new text.
For guidance on the content of sections of a proposal or a final doctoral study, go
to the Center for Research Quality Doctor of Public Health page and consult the DrPH
Doctoral Study Checklist.
For guidance on APA Style rules, go to the Doctoral Capstone Form and Style
website; also consult the Form and Style Review Checklist on the Writing Center DrPH
page, or consult the Form and Style sections of the Doctoral Study Guidebook on the
Center for Research Quality DrPH page.
3
Section 2: Research Design and Data Collection
First Heading
Insert the text of your Research Design and Data Collection section here. For
more guidance on the content of this section, consult the Doctoral Study Checklist on the
DrPH page of the Center for Research Quality website.
Here are some additional tips for presenting data in vertical list form.
1. In the body of your paper, use this format when presenting information as a
vertical list.
2. When the order of the items in the list is important, use a numbered list.
3. Use complete sentences only for items in a numbered list.
•
This is an example of a bulleted list.
•
It follows the same format as for a numbered list, with the bullet point
indented the same as a paragraph indent.
•
Bulleted items may be written as complete sentences or as phrases. See APA
6.52 for more details.
4
Section 3: Presentation of the Results and Findings
First Heading
Discuss your results and findings here. Refer to the Doctoral Study Checklist for
guidance on the content for this section.
Tables 1 and 2 reflect APA (7th ed.) rules for table formatting and labeling. Note
that all tables and figures should be mentioned by number in the narrative text (e.g.,
“Table 1 includes …”) before they appear in the document. The point size of table text
can be smaller than body text (which is 12 point) but no smaller than 8 point. You may
change the font inside tables to a sans serif font such as Arial if you wish.
Table 1
A Sample Table Showing Correct Formatting
Stub heading
Row 1
Row 2
Row 3
Row 4
Column A
Column B
Column C
Column D
Note. From “Attitudes Toward Dissertation Editors,” by W. Student, 2020, Journal of
Academic Optimism, 98, p. 11 (https://doi.org/10.xxxxxxxxx). Copyright 2020 by
Academic Publishing Consortium. Reprinted with permission.
Table 2
Another Sample Table
Stub heading
Row 1
Row 2
Column A
Column B
Column C
5
Figures 1 and 2 reflect APA formatting rules for figure labels. As with tables,
refer to a figure by number in the narrative text preceding the placement of the figure.
Figure 1
Figure Title
Figure 2
Another Figure Title
6
Section 4: Application to Professional Practice and Implications for Social Change
First Heading
Refer to the Doctoral Study Checklist for guidance on the content for this section.
7
References
Insert references here. Examples of some common types of references follow.
These sample entries are tagged with the “APA Reference” style tag, which
means that the line spacing and hanging indent are automatic. Apply the “APA
Reference” style tag to your entries.
Pay special attention to italics, capitalization, and punctuation. The style tag does
not govern those aspects of the entry.
Sample Entries
Journal article with DOI (even if accessed in print form)
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (2019). Title of article. Title of Periodical,
xx(x), xxx–xxx. https://doi.org/xxxxxx . . .
Nonperiodical (authored book with a DOI)
Author, A. A. (2020). Title of work. Publisher. https://doi.org/xxxxx . . .
Chapter 10 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
(7th ed.) includes numerous examples of reference list entries. For more information on
references in APA Style, consult the APA website or the Walden Doctoral Capstone
Form and Style page on APA References.
8
Appendix A: Title of Appendix
Insert appendix content here. Appendices are ordered with letters (Appendix A,
Appendix B, etc.) rather than numbers. If there is only one appendix in your document,
label it Appendix (rather than Appendix A), per APA rules.
The appendices must adhere to the same margin specifications as the body of the
dissertation. Photocopied or previously printed material may have to be shifted on the
page or reduced in size to fit within the area bounded by the margins.
If the only thing in an appendix is a table or figure, the table or figure title serves
as the title of the appendix; no label is needed for the table or figure itself, and it is not
included in the List of Tables or List of Figures.
If an appendix contains a table or figure in addition to other content (e.g.,
narrative text, other tables and/or figures), label each table or figure in the appendix with
the letter of the appendix and a whole number (e.g., Table A1, Table A2, Figure A1,
Table B1, etc.). Items that are individually labeled as tables or figures within appendices
must be included in the List of Tables or List of Figures. However, because the table and
figure numbering format in this case includes the appendix letter and a numeral, the
Insert Caption method for labeling will not work, and you will likely need to create labels
and add entries for these items to the List of Tables or List of Figures by hand.
If you include in an appendix any prepublished materials that are not in the public
domain, you must also include permission to do so.
Template updated November 2020.
9
Using the Insert Caption Method to Label Tables and Figures
(for APA 7 and Walden Doctoral Capstone Templates and Guidelines)
These instructions explain how to use the Insert Caption method to label tables
and figures per APA Style (7th ed.) so that you can easily import this information into the
existing List of Tables and List of Figures within the template.
When working with formatting aspects of a document, the pilcrow should be
activated so that you can see the formatting marks in the document. The pilcrow is the
backwards P (¶) found in the Paragraph group on the Home tab.
Table Number and Title
Create an APA compliant table.
•
Select the table by clicking on the crosshair located near the top left corner of
the table or by manually selecting all of the contents of the table.
•
Click the References tab.
•
Click Insert Caption found in the Captions group.
•
Confirm that the Label box says Table, and that Position is above selected
item, then click OK.
•
Holding down the Shift key, press the Enter key twice.
•
Turn on italics and type the title of the table.
•
Select the word Table and the number, then apply the bold style.
•
Your table now has a table number and title that can be imported into the List
of Tables.
10
Figure Number and Title
Create a figure by inserting an image into the template that was created in another
document. Figures should always be a single picture that cannot change. Now create the
figure number and title.
•
Select the figure by clicking on it.
•
Click the References tab.
•
Click Insert Caption found in the Captions group.
•
Confirm that the Label box says Figure, and that Position is above selected
item, then click OK.
•
Holding down the Shift key, press the Enter key twice.
•
Turn on italics and type the title of the figure.
•
Select the word Figure and the number, then apply the bold style.
•
Your table now has a figure number and title that can be imported into the List
of Figures.
For further assistance with these instructions, please contact
[email protected]
DrPH Prospectus Form
Students | Complete your doctoral prospectus within this form. Write your responses in the white spaces using a scholarly tone and include in-text
citations and APA reference entries, where appropriate. You can click on underlined terms and headings for descriptions, resource links, and
examples located in the Appendix. For additional prospectus information and resources, refer to the Doctoral Research Coach. Complete the
Research Design Alignment Table within this form using the information from earlier sections and self-assess your research design alignment.
Submit this completed form into MyDR for formal evaluation and feedback when your committee chair indicates that you are ready to do so.
Student’s Name | WEN CHIEH CHIA
Student ID | A01165559
Program and Specialization* | DR. PUBLIC HEALTH
Submission Date | Click arrow to select a date.
*Remember that your study focus must be within the realm of your program and specialization area.
Evaluators Only | Complete this section and provide feedback on responses and rubric scores in the form where noted.
Committee Chairperson Name: Click or tap here to enter text.
Second Committee Member Name: Click or tap here to enter text.
PhD Program Director or Designee: Click or tap here to enter text.
Overall Assessment: Choose score.
Overall Assessment: Choose score.
Overall Assessment: Choose score.
Rubric Standard | Complete > Does the prospectus contain all the required elements? Refer to the annotated outline to see the required parts of the
Doctoral study Prospectus document.
Note. Please complete following the directions provided, using the stem sentences, and referring to the examples in the appendix.
Title
Provide a concise (aim for 15 words or fewer) working title for this study. Include the main topic, variables/concepts under investigation, and the relationship
between them. A title should be fully explanatory when standing alone and include the most critical key words.
Environmental Risk Factors Associated with Respiratory Diseases in Socioeconomic Disadvantaged and Advantaged Children
Supporting Literature
The first step in developing your prospectus is to search the literature related to the general area you want to investigate (see social problem below). In your
review of recent, empirical literature, what keywords did you search and in what databases?
The keywords and databases searched included respiratory illnesses, air pollution, toxic compounds in air, socioeconomic factors contributing to
air pollution-based diseases, harmful effects of air pollution, asthma, COPD, viral respiratory infections. Databases searched: Google Scholar,
Walden University Library, ProQuest
Provide at least 10 brief summaries of recent, scholarly (peer-reviewed) articles that support/justify a current and relevant problem in your discipline or
professional field. Source(s) supporting your framework (see Framework below) should be included. Include the complete, APA reference entry, followed by
(a) an in-text citation; (b) what was studied; (c) what was found; and (d) why this research is important in relation to your study. This evidence provides the
justification for your research problem.
1. Brumberg, H. L., Karr, C. J., Bole, A., Ahdoot, S., Balk, S. J., Bernstein, A. S., … & Trasande, L. (2021). Ambient air pollution: health hazards
to children. Pediatrics, 147(6). DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-051484
Brumberg et al. (2021) examined air pollution sources like agricultural production, forest, fires, vehicular traffic and coal-fired power
plants, including their potential to cause respiratory illnesses among infants and children. The research finds that air pollution exacerbates
respiratory diseases causing reduced lung function and high incidences of asthma. This study is significant for the research since it outlines
essential information that can help in determining the relationship between air pollution and respiratory illnesses among children.
2. Chatkin, J., Correa, L., & Santos, U. (2021). External environmental pollution as a risk factor for asthma. Clinical reviews in allergy &
immunology, 1-18. DOI: 10.1007/s12016-020-08830-5
Chatkin et al. (2021) researched the risk factors of asthma. The study discovered that pollutant agents like particulate matter and gaseous
components has a considerable implication on asthma incidences among children. children in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods are most
likely to develop asthma from environmental pollution. This scholarly article is crucial for the research as it demonstrates the relationship between
respiratory illness and environmental pollution, specifically on individuals in economically disadvantaged areas.
3. Domingo, J. L., & Rovira, J. (2020). Effects of air pollutants on the transmission and severity of respiratory viral infections. Environmental
research, 187, 109650. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109650
Domingo & Rovira (2020) probed the impact of air pollutants on respiratory viral infections. The study indicated that pollutant agents like
particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) improve transmission of viruses causing respiratory
infections in children as well as adults. Evidence from this article is essential for the research since it indicates the association between air
pollutants and respiratory viral infections.
4. Dominski, F. H., Branco, J. H. L., Buonanno, G., Stabile, L., da Silva, M. G., & Andrade, A. (2021). Effects of air pollution on health: A
mapping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Environmental research, 201, 111487. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111487
Dominski et al. (2021) analyze the trends in air pollution and negative consequences it causes on human health. The study reveals that
nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter are the primary components that promote respiratory illnesses. This journal is vital for the research since it
highlights a close relationship between air pollution and adverse respiratory health outcomes.
5. Hendryx, M., Luo, J., Chojenta, C., & Byles, J. E. (2019). Air pollution exposures from multiple point sources and risk of incident chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Environmental Research, 179, 108783. DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2019.108783
Hendryx et al. (2019) researched the risk of acquiring chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma from air pollutants. The
study showed that exposures to air pollutants has increased asthma and COPD prevalence among children. This article is crucial for the research
since it indicates the prevalence of specific respiratory illnesses due to exposures to environmental pollutants.
6. Kim, D., Chen, Z., Zhou, L. F., & Huang, S. X. (2018). Air pollutants and early origins of respiratory diseases. Chronic diseases and
translational medicine, 4(2), 75–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdtm.2018.03.003
Kim et al. (2018) studies the origins of respiratory diseases from air pollutants. The study found that particulate forms and chemical
contaminants like nitrogen dioxide increases the risk of laryngo-tracheo-bronchitis, which can eventually lead to influenza viral infections and
death among children below 5 years. This study is important for the research since it examines the pathology of respiratory illnesses and outlines
its relationship to air pollutants.
7. Kumar, R. (2020). Air pollution and respiratory health. Health, 3, 032–037. DOI:10.29328/journal.japch.1001015
Kumar (2020) investigates outdoor and indoor air pollution and examines their effects on children’s respiratory health. This article
discovers that mineral and chemical compositions of air pollution increase respiratory morbidity among children, raising the risk of acquiring
rhinitis, upper respiratory ailments, and asthma. This study is vital for the research as it outlines the rate of respiratory infects from air pollution
among children in economically advantaged and disadvantaged neighborhoods.
8. Nho, R. (2020). Pathological effects of nano-sized particles on the respiratory system. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and
Medicine, 29, 102242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2020.102242
Nho (2020) researched the nano-particles in air pollutants that worsen respiratory health using concepts of pathology. The study finds that
nano-particles affect and disrupt normal functioning of vital respiratory organs, contributing to asthma and pulmonary diseases. The significance of
this study to the research is based on how it indicates the association between air pollutant nano-sized particles and adverse respiratory outcomes.
9. Rahman, M. M., McConnell, R., Schlaerth, H., Ko, J., Silva, S., Lurmann, F. W., … & Garcia, E. (2022). The effects of coexposure to extremes
of heat and particulate air pollution on mortality in California: implications for climate change. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care
Medicine, 206(9), 1117-1127. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202204-0657OC
Rahman et al. (2022) probes the effect of particulate air pollution and respiratory health outcomes in California’s children population. The
study indicates that air pollutions increase the risk of respiratory illnesses in children, thus, promoting high mortality rates. The importance of this
study to the research is based on the statistical data in offers to show a strong relationship between air pollution and respiratory mortality among
children.
10. Ryter, S. W., Ma, K. C., & Choi, A. M. (2018). Carbon monoxide in lung cell physiology and disease. American Journal of Physiology-Cell
Physiology, 314(2), C211-C227. DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00022.2017
Ryter et al. (2018) investigates the pathophysiology of carbon monoxide on respiratory illnesses. The study shows that gaseous carbon
monoxide causes bleomycin-induced lung injury and pulmonary hypertension, increasing the risk of respiratory illnesses and sepsis, leading to
death among children. this study is important to the research since it highlights the relationship between air pollutants and respiratory illnesses
from a biological standpoint.
Rubric Standard | Justified > Is evidence presented that this problem is significant to the discipline and/or professional field? The prospectus should
provide relevant statistics and evidence, documentable discrepancies, and other scholarly facts that point to the significance and urgency of the problem.
Problem
What was the social problem that prompted you to search the literature to find out more? Write in complete sentences using a scholarly tone.
The situation or issue that prompted me to search the literature is Millions of people globally suffer from various respiratory illnesses due to
industrial air pollution (Kim et al., 2018). Industries produce toxic compounds that contaminate air quality, causing respiratory infections like
bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer (Hendryx et al., 2019). Industrial exhausts causing
air pollution include carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds, Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), and heavy metals such as
lead and mercury (Kumar, 2020). According to Kim et al. (2018), countries with high pollution-related respiratory illnesses include India and
Pakistan due to many industries that release toxic fumes into the air. In addition, enterprises tend to pollute the air due to fossil fuels like petrol and
hydrocarbon gas (Nho, 2020). These fossil fuels undergo intense combustion 3 producing harmful gases like carbon monoxide, causing respiratory
illnesses when people breathe in the air (Ryter et al., 2018). In the United States, places recording high air pollution include California, Arizona,
the District of Colombia, Utah, and Illinois (Kumar, 2020). These regions have a vast population and significant industries that contribute to air
pollution, thus, high respiratory illnesses (Rahman et al., 2022). However, it is challenging to know whether the respiratory illnesses are due to
industrial air pollution or lifestyle behaviors like smoking. Nevertheless, the dependent variable will be the incidences of respiratory illnesses and
the independent variables will be age, geographic location, and socioeconomic factors.
Now that you have read and summarized some of the recent literature to understand your problem, and given what other researchers are exploring, what
meaningful gap have you identified that your study will address? (What have others not yet explored about this problem that you will contribute with your
study?)
Although researchers have investigated this issue, the topic has not been explored in this way: Research on respiratory health among children from
socioeconomically advantaged and disadvantaged neighborhoods has been insufficient. Even with immense data on respiratory illnesses caused by
air pollution, the study will examine socioeconomic factors related to respiratory illness stemming from air pollution. The research will explore
families’ experiences living in urban and rural areas to determine the extent of respiratory diseases between those locations. In addition, the
research will unravel possible health disparities in places like California that need to be solved to improve health access and minimize respiratory
diseases among children.
Based on all of the above information (social problem, literature review, gap), in one sentence, what is your research problem?
In one sentence, the specific research problem is to identify, address, and minimize negative respiratory health outcomes stemming from air
pollutants in urban and rural areas of California, health disparities, and explore potential gaps that need to be sealed to improve respiratory health,
especially among children from all socioeconomic backgrounds.
Rubric Standard | Meaningful > Has a meaningful problem and gap in the research literature been identified? In other words, is addressing this problem
the logical next step, given the previous exploratory and confirmatory research (or lack thereof) on this topic? It is not acceptable to simply replicate previous
research for a doctoral degree.
Rubric Standard | Original > Does this project have potential to make an original contribution? The problem must be an authentic “puzzle” that needs
solving, not merely a topic that the researcher finds interesting. Addressing the problem should result in an original contribution to the field or discipline.
Purpose
To address your stated research problem, what is the purpose of your study? Will you describe, compare, explore, examine, etc.? Complete the purpose
sentence below and be sure to clarify your variables/concepts of interest.
The purpose of this Quantitative study is to examine the need for addressing health disparities and regulating air poll