Description
DISC1,
The three types of qualitative research designs are phenomenological, grounded theory, and ethnographic research. Compare the differences and similarities between two of the three types of qualitative studies and give an example of each.
Initial discussion question posts should be a minimum of 200 words and include at least two references cited using APA format. Responses to peers or faculty should be 100-150 words and include one reference. Refer to “RN-BSN Discussion Question Rubric” and “RN-BSN Participation Rubric,” located in Class Resources, to understand the expectations for initial discussion question posts and participation posts, respectively.
American Association of Colleges of Nursing Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education
DISC 2:
Select a qualitative research article, different than the one you used
in Topic 1, focusing on a clinical nursing problem of your choice. Use
this research article to address the following questions:
Provide an APA reference of the article including a GCU permalink or working link used to access the article.
Study design: How did you determine that the article is qualitative? What study methodology is used?
Using the “CASP Qualitative Checklist,” found in topic Resources, evaluate the study. Based on your findings, summarize the critical appraisal of the selected research article.
BENCHMARK ;
The focus of this assignment is to apply the principles detailed in the Belmont Report to case studies involving human subjects in research or a quality improvement project.Utilize the “Ethical Conduct of Scholarly Activities” document to complete this assignment
.While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.This assignment uses a rubric..Benchmark InformationThis benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competencies and professional standards:RN-BSN4.3: Promote the ethical conduct of scholarly activities [AACN ]
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NRS-445 Topic 2: Benchmark – Ethical Conduct of
Scholarly Activities
For this assignment, students will read the two case studies that follow and then complete the
application of the Belmont Principles case study tables for each case study as well as a personal
reflection at the end.
Background: The Belmont Report is a foundational document in the field of research ethics. It
was created in response to ethical concerns raised by the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and other
research studies that exploited vulnerable populations. The Belmont Report outlines three core
ethical principles for research involving human subjects: respect for persons, beneficence, and
justice. Institutional review boards (IRBs) are responsible for ensuring that research studies
comply with these ethical principles. The Belmont Report has had a significant impact on the
formation and function of IRBs. IRBs use the principles outlined in the Belmont Report as a
framework for understanding and evaluating the ethical implications of research studies. The
principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice are used to guide decision-making
around issues such as informed consent, risk-benefit analysis, and the selection of human
subjects. Overall, the Belmont Report has played a crucial role in shaping the ethical standards
for research involving human subjects.
Assignment Focus: The focus of this assignment is to allow the student to apply the principles
detailed in the Belmont Report to case studies involving human subjects in research or a quality
improvement project. Emphasis is placed on developing and demonstrating an understanding of
the role of the nurse researcher or quality improvement project manager as an effective facilitator
of ethical principles in human-subjects research or quality improvement projects.
Resources: Review the “NRS-445 The Belmont Report Lecture” to gain a better understanding
of the Belmont Report and the role it plays in conducting research.
© 2023. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
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Case Study 1: An Experimental Trial Worth Taking?
Life-threatening cancers can end a person’s life within a matter of weeks to months.
Experimental procedures such as a combination of immunotherapy and the novel medication
guadecitabine are currently being investigated in a clinical trial. In 8% of cases, the treatment
has been highly successful. In one documented case, a woman with breast, colon, and lung
cancers with poor odds of survival agreed to partake in receiving the experimental therapy. The
experimental therapy compellingly treated the tumors; she has been cancer-free for six years.
Regrettably, the treatment does not affect most people, and significant risk is involved: in some
trials, the patients suffered immediate cardiac failure.
Another woman diagnosed with aggressive cancer, who doctors estimate will live for five
months, has inquired about pursuing this therapy. In an extensive informed consent process over
a three-week period, she and her spouse are given all the evidence-based background, the risks
and benefits, and more. Once the informed consent process is completed, the woman wants to
seek the experimental treatment, but her spouse does not support the decision. The woman and
her spouse are from a cultural background in which the male partner of the family decides the
important choices, and the pair are devoted to their cultural beliefs.
Reflection Points: Should researchers accept this woman into the clinical trial to receive the
experimental therapy?
Case 2: Send Me a Message When You Can!
In an African nation, one in seven adults has HIV. Treatment is not accessible to everyone who
needs it, and researchers are engrossed in creating effective, economical treatment methods for
patients with HIV. The research of new drugs for HIV encounters the issue of the mobility of
many African people because many people move from one area to another due to employment,
political unrest, or the need to find housing. This issue makes regular contact with research
participants challenging. Often, researchers are concerned that their participants will instruct
their family members to obtain the experimental drugs they are supposed to have, rather than
obtaining the drugs themselves, to split the treatment. This jeopardizes the research and curative
value of the medication, which should be taken regularly.
Researchers suggest the use of technology to remedy multiple issues. They will scan the
participants’ fingerprints and include them in an electronic database for proof that each
participant is included in the research study before obtaining treatments. Researchers will also
give participants mobile phones to allow the researchers to send text message reminders to
participants about their study appointments and to allow rescheduling of visits. GPS tracking will
be on the phones to allow researchers to locate participants when necessary, so that they can see
the participants in person.
Reflection Points: Should research be conducted as described above explained? Is technology
the only way to mitigate the impact of equity issues in research?
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Application of the Belmont Principles: Case Study 1
Belmont Report principles and the
components of each principle
Explain how the case meets
the components of each
principle.
Respect for Person
• Respect the right to choose, hold views,
and act according to personal beliefs.
• Protect those with decreased capacity
to make their own choice.
• Ensure voluntary participation.
• Provide informed consent, explaining
harms and benefits.
Beneficence
• Minimize the harm/risks to the greatest
extent possible.
• Maximize the potential benefits.
• Ensure that the rights and well-being of
the patient take precedence over the
needs of science.
Justice
• Justly distribute the benefits and
burdens of the research. Guard against
using vulnerable populations.
• Ensure a fair selection of research
participants.
• Guard against coercion and undue
influence.
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Explain how the case does not
meet the components of each
principle.
What steps can the nurse
researcher or quality
improvement manager take to
adhere to the ethical principles
identified in the Belmont
Report?
•
Avoid potential financial or other
conflicts of interest.
Application of the Belmont Principles: Case Study 2
Belmont Report principles and the
components of each principle.
Explain how the case meets
the components of each
principle.
Respect for Person
• Respect the right to choose, hold views,
and act according to personal beliefs.
• Protect those with decreased capacity
to make their own choice.
• Ensure voluntary participation.
• Provide informed consent, explaining
harms and benefits.
Beneficence
• Minimize the harm/risks to the greatest
extent possible.
• Maximize the potential benefits.
• Ensure that the rights and well-being of
the patient take precedence over the
needs of science.
Justice
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Explain how the case does not
meet the components of each
principle.
What steps can the nurse
researcher or quality
improvement manager take to
adhere to the ethical principles
identified in the Belmont
Report?
•
•
•
•
Justly distribute the benefits and burdens of
the research. Guard against using
vulnerable populations.
Ensure a fair selection of research
participants.
Guard against coercion and undue
influence.
Avoid potential financial or other conflicts
of interest.
Personal Reflection
In less than 250 words, discuss how the ethical principles from the Belmont Report align with the Christian worldview. Reflect on
your current nursing practice and describe how these ethical principles align with your nursing practice.
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