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Instructions For your midterm assignment you will have to identify a health disparity experienced by people with disabilities in general or a specific subgroup (e.g. children or women with disabilities) that you perceive is important to address. Next, you will identify two social determinants of health that impact this disparity and explain how it contributes to it. Finally, you will identify one initiative (e.g. a program, policy, organization) that target the health disparity that you identify. This initiative can have been presented by a guest speaker as well. Please answer all of the questions in your own words, in complete sentences, and you can provide direct quotes or citations from the course materials when appropriate. You have to cite all your sources whether it is the course presentations and readings, or other materials.Refer to the syllabus for the format of citations of sources. To cite the course: Labbé, D. (2021). Name of the presentation and Week [PowerPoint presentation]. BlackBoard. Each answer have to be between 50 and 100 words. I provide examples, but they are just to give you an idea of what is expected. You have to write your own answers. You will answer all the questions in a word document that you will submit via Blackboard SafeAssign. Either download directly the assignment and answer directly in it, or copy past the questions in a new word document. Clearly indicate your name, net ID and the date. Due Date The first assignment is due by Friday, March 8 by 11:59 pm. It is worth 10% of your grade. Please proofread all of your answers before submitting, because There will be 5 points for the quality of the writing, grammatical errors, etc. and missing information (e.g. your name or net ID) Questions Q1. People with disabilities experience different kinds of health disparities. Using the course materials (class presentation and readings), identify one health disparity that you feel is particularly important to address for people with disabilities in general (or a sub-group such as children or women) and give two examples (e.g. statistics, research findings) that supports your choice. If you use course readings, cite your source. (25 points) Example: People with disabilities have a higher risk of having secondary health conditions than people without disabilities. For instance, people with disabilities are at greater risk of diabetes (16.3%) than people without disabilities (7.2%). Further, people with disabilities reported having arthritis at 41,2% while it is only 17.0% of people without disabilities. Your answer: People with disabilities have a higher risk of encountering intimate partner violence. Studies suggest that those with disabilities can be more vulnerable to intimate partner abuse than people without disabilities. This vulnerability may result from things like physical restrictions that make it harder to leave abusive circumstances, communication challenges, or dependence on caregivers. “Past-year IPV prevalence estimates against U.S. adults with disabilities range from 2% to 70% among women and 36.7% among men”(as reviewed by R. B. Hughes, Lund, Gabrielli, Powers, & Curry, 2011). Society may be unaware of the incidence of intimate partner violence among people with disabilities. This may result in underreporting, a lack of support services, and a lack of interventions that are specifically designed to meet the needs of people with disabilities. Medical professionals often state that it is challenging to identify cases of abuse against women with impairments. They are less confident in their capacity to recognize and address any potential abuse incidents because of their lack of training regarding disability and gender-based violence (Ruiz-Perez et al., 2016). Source: Hahn, J. W., McCormick, M. C., Silverman, J. G., Robinson, E. B., & Koenen, K. C. (2014). Examining the Impact of Disability Status on Intimate Partner Violence Victimization in a Population Sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(17), 3063-3085. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260514534527 Isabel Ruiz-Pérez, Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno, Vicenta Escribà-Agüir & Gracia Maroto-Navarro (2018) Intimate partner violence in women with disabilities: perception of healthcare and attitudes of health professionals, Disability and Rehabilitation, 40:9, 1059-1065, DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1288273 Q2. Identify two social determinants of health that may explain/or impact the health disparity you identified at Q1. Next, based on the WHO framework, report what type each social determinant of Health belongs to: (a) the socioeconomic and political context, (b) structural and individual factors, (c) intermediary determinants (d) Health care systems). Finally, explain how each social determinant contributes to the health disparity you identified at the Q1. (35 points) Example for ONE social determinant, you have to provide TWO: Adult with disabilities have increased risk of living in a low-income neighborhood. The neighborhood is an intermediary factor. Research showed that low-income neighborhoods often have less supermarket and access to good quality of food that increase the risk of diabetes for people with disabilities. Your answer: Q3. Give one example of initiatives (e.g. policy, legislations, programs or interventions) from the course materials or other sources that could help reduce the health disparity that you choose at Q1. Identify clearly which group this initiative is targeting and explain how it may help to reduce the health disparities. (35 points) Example: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), passed in 2010 requires increasing the data collected on disability status and health used to measure and monitor health disparities for all people with disabilities. This documentation would help better understand the health situations of people with disabilities compared to those without disabilities and consequently make accurate decisions on programs to develop. Source: Horner-Johnson, W. (2018) Health Disparities. In Heller, T., Harris, S. P., Gill, C., & Gould, R. (Eds.). Disability in American Life: An encyclopedia of concepts, policies, and controversies [2 volumes]. p 336-339 [COURSE READING]
