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Hi, I need help for my education class. Read the Intro and Chapter 1 (pgs. 1-34) in the Wiggins and McTighe book that I attached pdf fileCreate a concept map that thoroughly illustrates all of the main concepts, ideas, and examples taken from the reading. For more info on Concept Maps look at The Teacher Toolkit website. (click the linked title)The attachment document is just example, how it should look like (please don’t use the same information). You can use the same template but not the same information. Also, can you make it in similar concept as the example, please
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Mind Map
Taylor Nichols
Eva is a Latina student who is part of a minority group in the school. In the scene, it discusses the racial tensions and discrimination she faces
at school. Her ethnicity led to her being falsely accused of a crime she did not commit. As a result of stereotypes and bias, Eva and other
minority students experience prejudice and discrimination. It shows discrimination can lead to unfair treatment for students from different
backgrounds, and how they can overcome it.
Discrimination is when individuals or groups are treated unfairly or
Economic disparities and reduced access to resources
prejudicially because of their racial, gender, age, religion, nationality, or
can result thus limiting opportunities for education,
disability characteristics. Differential treatment occurs when actions or
employment, and career advancement. Various racial,
behaviors result in unequal opportunities, resources, or rights for one
ethnic, and marginalized groups face social and
group compared to another.
economic inequalities because of discrimination. In
communities and societies, discrimination can lead to
If I go where everyone is wearing solids, and I’m
social tensions, divisions, and conflicts.
wearing a stripe, and someone comes up o me
and tells me, ‘You don’t belong here; you’re
Explicit biases can be observed within
Racism can lead to stress, anxiety, depression,
wearing stripes,’ I’ll say, ‘I belong anywhere I want
school gangs; tensions and conflicts
and mental health issues. It may also effect
to belong.’ And i’ll stand right there! But there are
often result in hostility between gangs. It
employment, pay disparities, and limit
some people who just say ‘Oh, okay,’ and will turn
is common for students to use racial
economic opportunities for individuals. When
around and leave. Then the racist has the power.”
slurs and derogatory language against
communities are affected by racism, trust in
one another.
institutions such as law enforcement,
Racism is a deeply ingrained
healthcare, and government can be eroded,
and pervasive belief system, I
making it even more difficult.
ideology, or practice based on
the notion of racial superiority or inferiority. It is
Individuals possess
Explicated bias can lead to
often the result of prejudice, discrimination, or
consciously held attitudes,
unfair treatment and
antagonism towards individuals or groups because
beliefs, and stereotypes about
discrimination based on race,
of their perceived racial or ethnic background.
gender, or other characteristics. certain groups of people that
Racism can manifest in various forms.
they openly express. In many
Social tensions and conflicts
can arise as a result of explicit cases, these biases are overt
Girls are not as smart as boys, African Americans
and involve someone being
bias, causing division among
have rhythm; Asians are studious.
aware of their prejudiced views.
various groups.
Discrimination
Racism
Explicit Bias
There are also students who harbor implicit biases because of their
race or culture. Their assumptions about each other, sometimes without
realizing it, contribute to the initial hostility and division among them.
Implicit Bias
Individuals may
unintentionally
discriminate against others without
being aware by perpetuating
disparities in education,
employment, and healthcare. It
reinforces negative stereotypes
about certain groups, which can
lead to misunderstandings and
prejudiced judgments.
The term implicit bias, also
referred to as unconscious
bias or implicit prejudice, refers
to the study of attitudes, beliefs,
stereotypes, or judgments that individuals
form unconsciously about people from
certain social groups. An individual’s
thoughts, behavior, and decision-making
processes can be affected by these
biases automatically and without
conscious awareness.
Let’s say you are prejudiced against tall people. Although your bias may
hurt tall individuals because you refuse to befriend them or because you
make fun of them, you can do very little to limit their options in life. If you
belong of powerful ‘nontalls ‘ , however, and you limit the access of tall
people to certain neighborhoods, prohibit them from receiving quality health
care through particular policies, discourage or outlaw intermarriage
between ‘talls‘ and people of short or average height, develop policies
against employment of talls in high status professions, and place all
children who are the offspring of “talls” in the lowest ability tracks in
schools, then your bias would have teeth and its institutional power would
be clear.
Stereotypes
This view of a particular group is often widely held and
oversimplified. Beliefs or ideas are based on assumptions,
generalizations, or limited information and can create
preconceived notions about individuals or groups. These
views can reinforce biases and cause unfair judgments or
discrimination, they are typically regarded as harmful when
they reinforce biases.
The use of stereotyping can result in unfair and biased
treatment of individuals or groups based on preconceived
notions, which can lead to discrimination. People may
have fewer opportunities to obtain education, jobs, or
other resources, since they may be overlooked or
underestimated. People can internalize stereotypes,
resulting in low self-esteem and a feeling of being out of
place as a result of negative self-perception. Conflicts in
relationships can arise from stereotypical judgements
about others, which can lead to strained interactions. In
communities and society, stereotyping can reinforce “us
vs. them” mentalities, hindering cooperation and unity. As
a result of stereotyping, people from different cultural
backgrounds can be misunderstood and disrespected.
Institutional Racism
and Discrimination
Discriminatory policies and practices within educational
institutions can limit minority students’ opportunities and
resources. Higher education access is limited, resulting
in achievement gaps and lower graduation rates. In the
workplace, hiring practices can limit minority individuals’ career prospects and
income potential. Disparities in Criminal Justice lead to racial profiling, harsher
sentencing, and over policing of minority communities. Segregation of housing
has been caused by discriminatory housing practices, such as redlining and
discriminatory lending. For minority families and individuals, this can lead to a
lack of access to safe neighborhoods, quality schools, and economic
opportunities. Experiencing institutional racism and discrimination can lead to
chronic stress, anxiety, and a sense of injustice among minority groups.
Institutional racism and discrimination
refers to how an entire segment of people
are excluded or deprived of rights and
opportunities most commonly based on
race, ethnicity or religion as a result of the normal operations
of the institution. Although the individuals involved in the
institution many not themselves be prejudiced or have any
racist intentions, or even an awareness of how others may be
harmed the result may nevertheless be racist based on long
standing policies and regulations or underlying bias.
Mind Map
Silence, color blindness and color muteness also have social impacts. Silent students avoid discussing their experiences with racial
discrimination and gang violence due to fear. Despite the challenges in their lives and the racism they encounter, they remain silent.
In the case of color Blindness; Eva, claimed to be color blind, stating that everyone is the same regardless of race. While this attitude may
reflect a desire for equality, it may also disregard racial disparities as reality. While color muteness: in the film, demonstrated color muteness
by avoiding discussions about race.
Silence/ Color Blindness/
Color Muteness
Racial injustice can be perpetuated by silence
and colorblindness by ignoring discrimination
and inequality. By not acknowledging racial
disparities, systemic racism may persist. Color
blindness can result in a lack of awareness about
the experiences and challenges people of different racial backgrounds
face. It can lead to a failure to understand and empathize with
marginalized communities’ lived experiences. Racial inequality can be
perpetuated by ignoring racial disparities and inequalities. In order to
achieve racial equity, policies and initiatives must recognize these
disparities. Individuals and institutions may fail to address instances of
racial bias and discrimination due to silence and color muteness.
Discrimination victims may be left without recourse or support as a
result. In order to engage in constructive dialogue and learn from one
another’s experiences, color muteness can suppress authentic
conversations about race and racial identity.
Erin Gruwell, Marcus’s teacher in the
movie “Freedom Writers,” has high
expectations for him. He is capable of
overcoming his troubled past and excelling
academically. Marcus begins to feel
pressured to meet these high
expectations, which causes him stress.
Marcus struggles with school and life
outside the classroom due to the pressure.
Conflicts, disengagement from school, and
risky behavior are some of Marcus’
negative outcomes due to his difficulty
coping with the pressure.
Pygmalion Effect
Individuals may experience increased
stress and pressure when they are
subjected to exceptionally high
expectations. Anxiety, burnout, and a
decline in mental health can result
from this pressure. Having high
expectations can lead to fear of
failure, as individuals may worry that
they will not be able to live up to
those expectations. It can paralyze
them and prevent them from taking
risks or exploring new possibilities.
Individuals who feel the need to
achieve flawless results may exhibit
perfectionism due to unrealistic
expectations. It can lead to excessive
self-criticism, dissatisfaction with
one’s performance, and refusal to
accept anything less than perfection.
People’s self-esteem can be eroded
if they consistently feel they fall short
of exceedingly high expectations.
Feeling unworthy and doubting their
abilities may develop.
Race and racial identity are often
discussed using terms such as
“silence,” “color blindness,” and
“color muteness. Silence refers to
racism and racial inequality are not
discussed or addressed. By ignoring or not
acknowledging race, color blindness involves treating
everyone the same regardless of their racial background.
Color Muteness is voiding conversations about race and
racial issues.
Eva believes she would face retaliation, violence, or even death
if she testifies against the gang member. Despite having
valuable information to share, Eva decides not to testify and
remains silent throughout the trial. When Eva is later attacked
by her own gang members, Eva’s fear of retaliation appears to
be confirmed as a result of her silence.
Self-fulling
Prophecy
When individuals
believe they will fail
or be unsuccessful, they may
not put forth the effort
necessary to attain their goals,
leading to underachievement
and missed opportunities. A lack of
self-esteem can lead to feelings of inadequacy and selfdoubt as a result of repeated experiences of fulfilling
negative prophecies. In view of perceived limitations
and failures, negative self-images can reinforce selffulfilling prophecies. Negative prophecies can cause
people to avoid taking risks or pursuing opportunities
that could lead to success or growth.
The self-fulfilling
prophecy is a
psychological concept that
describes a belief or
expectation that affects a
person’s behavior in such a
way that it becomes true. A
person’s actions can result in
the outcome they originally
anticipated, regardless of
whether it was initially likely
to happen, when they believe
it will happen and behave as
if it will.
The Pygmalion effect, also known as the Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which
higher expectations or beliefs about an individual increase performance. Due to the positive
influence of expectations, people are more likely to achieve high levels of success when they are
expected to do well.
Eva comes from a neighborhood plagued by gang violence, and her teacher, Erin Gruwell, and
some classmates initially see her as a troublemaker or gang member which would be profiling.
Some of Eva’s peers and even she herself label her as a “gang member” because of her
association with the troubled neighborhood and her initial reluctance to open up.
Those who are profiled
or labeled based on
certain characteristics
may be subjected to
unfair treatment. Labels can create stereotypes and
stigmatize people, affecting their self-esteem and
career opportunities. Profiling and labeling can lead to
prejudice, where people are judged based on
preconceived notions rather than their true character.
Labeling and profiling can create social divisions and
cause conflicts between different groups. Labeled
individuals may have limited access to education,
employment, or social inclusion opportunities. Being
negatively labelled can cause a person to have a
negative self-image. As a result of profiling and
labeling, social inequalities can be exacerbated and
existing biases can be reinforced.
In profiling, characteristics,
traits, behaviors, or patterns
are used to identify and
categorize individuals or
groups. Among these characteristics are
race, ethnicity, gender, religion,
nationality, and even criminal behaviors.
A label is a designation or stereotype
attached to an individual or group based
on their perceived characteristics or
actions. A label can be positive or
negative, and it can affect how others
perceive and interact with the labeled
individual.
Profiling/ Labeling
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