Description
Complete a data analysis report using a t-test for assigned variables.
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Introduction
In this assessment, you’ll begin to explore mean group differences in your courseroom data. Is it possible that being in a particular group results in higher or lower mean achievement levels? You’re going to explore possible differences in final exam scores for students who attended a review session versus students who did not attend a review session.
Instructions
For this assessment:
Use the Data Analysis and Application template (DAA Template [DOCX] Download DAA Template [DOCX]).
For help with the statistical software, refer to the JASP Step-by-Step: t Tests [PDF] Download JASP Step-by-Step: t Tests [PDF]document.
View JASP Speedrun: t Test [Video] for a brief tutorial video on this assessment.
For information on the data set, refer to the 7864 Data Set Instructions [PDF] Download 7864 Data Set Instructions [PDF]document.
The grades.jasp Download grades.jaspfile is a sample data set. The data represent a teacher’s recording of student demographics and performance on quizzes and a final exam across three sections of the course.
You will analyze the following variables in the grades.jasp Download grades.jaspdata set:
Variables and Definitions
Variable Definition
Review Attended review sessions? 1 = no; 2 = yes.
Final Final exam: number of correct answers.
Step 1: Write Section 1 of the DAA: Data Analysis Plan
Name the variables used in this analysis and whether they are categorical or continuous.
State a research question, null hypothesis, and alternate hypothesis for the independent samples t-test.
Step 2: Write Section 2 of the DAA: Testing Assumptions
Test for one of the assumptions of t tests – equality (homogeneity) of variances.
Create statistical output showing the Levene’s Test for Equality Variances.
Paste the table in the DAA template.
Interpret the Levene’s test.
Step 3: Write Section 3 of the DAA: Results & Interpretation
If the homogeneity assumption is not violated (Section 2), run the “Student” version of the independent samples t-test in the statistical software.
If the homogeneity assumption is violated, run the “Welch” version of the independent samples t-test in the statistical software.
Also run the “Descriptives” option to obtain the means and standard deviations for each group.
Paste the statistical software output of the t test into the DAA template. Below the output:
Report the means and standard deviations for each group.
State the results of the t test.
Interpret the statistical results against the null hypothesis and state whether it is rejected or not rejected.
Step 4: Write Section 4 of the DAA: Statistical Conclusions
Provide a brief summary of your analysis and the conclusions drawn about this t test.
Analyze the limitations of the statistical test and/or possible alternative explanations for your results.
Step 5: Write Section 5 of the DAA: Application
Analyze how you might use the independent samples t test in your field of study.
Name an independent variable and dependent variable that would work for such an analysis and why studying it may be important to the field or practice.
Submit your DAA Template as an attached Word document in the assessment area.
Software
The following statistical analysis software is required to complete your assessments in this course:
Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP).
Refer to the Tools and Software: JASP page on Campus for general information. Make sure that your statistical software is downloaded, installed, and running properly on your computer.
Competencies Measured
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:
Competency 1: Analyze the computation, application, strengths, and limitations of various statistical tests.
Analyze statistical assumptions.
Competency 2: Analyze the decision making process of data analysis.
Articulate the data analysis plan.
Competency 3: Apply knowledge of hypothesis testing.
Interpret statistical results and hypotheses.
Competency 4: Interpret the results of statistical analyses.
Explain statistical conclusions, the limitations of the test, and/or possible alternative explanations.
Competency 6: Apply the results of statistical analyses (your own or others) to your field of interest or career.
Analyze the potential applications of the test in the field and their implications.
Competency 7: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with the expectations for members in the identified field of study.
Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and adheres to APA style and formatting.
Unformatted Attachment Preview
1
Data Analysis and Application Template
Learner Name
Capella University
2
Data Analysis and Application Template
Data Analysis Plan
Insert text here.
Testing Assumptions
Insert text here.
Results & Interpretation
Insert text here.
Statistical Conclusions
Insert text here.
Application
Insert text here.
3
References
Provide references in proper APA Style if necessary.
7864 Data Set Instructions
The 7864 data set is fictional data. The data represents a teacher’s recording of student
demographics and academic performance across three sections of their course. Each course
section consists of about 35 students (N = 105).
The data set is located on grades.jasp. You can download grades.jasp from the 7864
assignments instructions area. It will then open in JASP.
There are 21 variables in the course data set. Refer to the table below.
Values
Scale of
measurement
JASP variable
Definition
id
Student identification number
Nominal
lastname
Student last name
Nominal
firstname
Student first name
Nominal
genderidentity
Student gender identity
1 = woman; 2 = man; 3 =
transgender; 4 = nonbinary/non-conforming; 5 =
prefer not to disclose
ethnicity
Student ethnicity
1 = Native American; 2 = Asian;
3 = Black; 4 = White; 5 =
Hispanic
Nominal
year
Class rank
1 = freshman; 2 = sophomore;
3 = junior; 4 = senior
Ordinal
lowup
Lower or upper division
1 = lower; 2 = upper
Nominal
section
Class section
Nominal
gpa
Previous grade point average
Scale
extcr
Did extra credit project?
1 = no; 2 = yes
Nominal
review
Attended review sessions?
1 = no; 2 = yes
Nominal
quiz1
Quiz 1: number of correct answers
Scale
quiz2
Quiz 2: number of correct answers
Scale
quiz3
Quiz 3: number of correct answers
Scale
quiz4
Quiz 4: number of correct answers
Scale
Nominal
1
Values
Scale of
measurement
JASP variable
Definition
quiz5
Quiz 5: number of correct answers
Scale
final
Final exam: number of correct
answers
Scale
total
Total number of points earned
Scale
percent
Final percent
Scale
grade
Final letter grade (A, B, C, D, F)
Nominal
passfail
Passed or failed the course? 1 =
pass; 0 = fail
Nominal
2
d1 IJASP
-y
BY
B -~
• ··
______________________________________________________________________________
t-Test
DAA Section 2: Testing Assumptions
•
•
Open grades.jasp.
Section 2 asks for a homogeneity of variance test. Select T-Tests.
Select Classical Independent Samples T-Test. A new window appears.
0 grades*
(C: Usersswowr OneDrive Deslctop)
ILi
l.!f:
Descri ptives
T-Tests
1
l!l
U!f
T
ANOVA
Mix,
ge n,
Classical
In depe nde nt Sa mples T-Test
Paired Sa mples T-Test
One Samp le T-Test
l!l
Baye sian
In depe nde nt Sa mples T-Test
Paired Sa mples T-Test
One Samp le T-Test
SCREENSHOTS TAKEN FROM JASP version 16.
QUESTIONS? EMAIL: [email protected]
•
Select final. Select the arrow to move final to the Dependent
Variables box.
0 0 0 0
..- Independent Samples T-Test
!Dependent Variables !
Grouping Variable
•
Select review. Select the arrow to move review to the Grouping
Variable box.
0 0 0 0
..- Independent Samples T-Test
Dependent Variables
,
quiz1
,
quiz2
,
quiz3
,
quiz4
,
quiz5
,
total
final
Grouping Variable
..
•
Select Equality of variances under Assumption Checks.
T lnaependent Samples T-Tes,
•
Dependent Variables
· lidS Lrla l l l e
& , firstna m e
A gen deridentity
A ethnicity
,.,.
‘,.
I
,
final
year
lowup
section
gpa
Grouping Variable
extcr
quiz.1
A review
Additi onal Statistics
Tests
II Student
Locati on para meter
Welch
Confidence inteival
Mann-Whitney
95.0
%
Effect siz.e
Cohens ct
Glass delta
Hedges’ g
Confidence inteival
Alt. Hypothesis
0 Group 1 f. Group 2
95
%
Descriptives
Group 1 > Group 2
Descriptives plots
Group 1 < Group 2
Confidence mteival 95.0
%
Raincloud plots
Horiz.ontal displa,
Vovk-Sell ke m aximum p-ratio
Missing Values
! Ass umption Checks !
O Exclude cases per depe nde nt variable
Norm ality
Equality of variances
•
Exclude cases listwise
Copy and paste the Assumption Checks output in DAA Section 2.
Assumpti on Checks
lies of Equalf:ly o·· Variances (Leve e's)
fi nal
F
df12
p
Below the output, interpret the Levene’s Test; determine if the assumption
of homogeneity IS violated or IS NOT violated.
__________________________________________________________
DAA Section 3: Results and Interpretation
•
Section 3 asks for descriptive statistics and t-test results. Select
Descriptives.
0 0 0 0
..- Independent Samples T-Test
-
lcll:Hlli::H ll t:!:
& firstname
A genderidentity
A ethnicity
Dependent Variables
I~
,
final
year
I
A lowup
A section
'
gpa
Grouping Variable
A extcr
quiz1
Tests
..
A review
Additional Statistics
~ Student
Location parameter
11n1 1r1enr int-
Welch
Mann-Whitney
95.0
0
%
Effect size
ohen s
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