Description
To complete this case study, the following instructions must be adhered to. Only paste tables/figures that contain pertinent information. The report is only relevant to the data from tables; as well as your response to each question. In the write-up section, all information must be provided in paragraph format. When statistical values are discussed, the numerical value and areference must be made to the table(s)/figure(s) where the value(s) can be found. Pearson’s chi-square test, known as the chi-square test, is a statistical model used to determine if there is a difference between two or more groups of categorical variables. For example, to see if the distribution of males and females differs between control and treated groups of anexperiment requires a Pearson’s chi-square test.
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HSCI 820
CASE STUDY ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS
OVERVIEW
For each Case Study Assignment, use the SPSS links and tutotial links that will guide you
through the following analyses and tests: assumptions testing, statistical analysis, as needed post
hoc analysis, and creation of tables and figures as needed. Additionally, use the corresponding
data provided under the Resources sections located on the assignment pages and the Case Study
Template forms to create and record your findings.
INSTRUCTIONS
Case Study Assignments:
• Case Study: Correlation and Bivariate Regression Assignment
• Case Study: t-Test and Comparing Means Assignment
• Case Study: ANOVA Analysis of Variance Assignment
• Case Study: Factorial Analysis of Variance Assignment
• Case Study: Chi Square Assignment
• Case Study: Nonparametric Statistics Assignment
• Case Study: Choosing the Correct Statistical Model Assignment
To successfully complete each Case Study Assignment, all of the following instructions must
be adhered to along with meeting all the components of the Case Study Grading Rubric. Only
paste tables/figures in their designated location in the Case Study Template. Responses to
questions along with the write-up must be written in paragraph format. Content should be written
in past tense as it conforms more to research journal format. When discussing statistical
significance, the specific p-value must be included (example: “heart rate was statistically greater
during running versus cycling (189 vs. 143 bpm) (p=0.03) as indicated in Table 1.”)
Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.
HSCI 820
CASE STUDY: CHI-SQUARE TEMPLATE
INSTRUCTIONS
To successfully complete this case study, the following instructions must be adhered to. Only
paste tables/figures that contain pertinent information. Report only relevant the data from tables;
as well as your response to each question. In the write-up section, all information must be
provided in paragraph format. When statistical values are discussed, the numerical value and a
reference must be made to the table(s)/figure(s) where the value(s) can be found.
Chi-Square
A Pearson’s chi-square test, known as the chi-square test, is a statistical model used to determine
if there is a difference between two or more groups of categorical variables. For example, to see
if the distribution of males and females differs between control and treated groups of an
experiment requires a Pearson’s chi-square test.
Two general assumptions must be passed by data before using a Pearson’s chi-square test. These
assumptions are:
1. The variables of interest should be categorical data (either ordinal or nominal).
2. There should be two or more independent groups.
In this study, we explore the difference in male and female athletes and type of injury. We will
also determine if more male or female athletes require surgery. Lastly, we will explore whether
injury is related to future disability.
The null hypotheses:
“There is no difference in proportion of male and female athletes who experience chronic
injury.”
“There is no difference in proportion of male and female athletes who experience acute
injury.”
“There is no difference in proportion of male and female athletes who require surgery for
their injury.”
“There is no difference in relationship between chronic injury and disability.”
“There is no difference in relationship between acute injury and disability.”
*Disability is defined as limitations in day-to-day life.
Page 1 of 3
HSCI 820
Chi-Square in SPSS
Input data, define groups etc.
Run the analysis.
Paste the Descriptive Statistics table.
In Crosstabulation, paste the information on percentages.
Paste the final output – the Chi-Square Tests.
Phi and Cramér’s V are measures of the strength of association between two categorical
variables. Phi is used with 2 × 2 contingency tables. You have two categorical variables-each
variable has only two categories. Phi is calculated by taking the chi-square value and dividing it
by the sample size and then taking the square root of this value. If one of the two categorical
variables contains more than two categories, Cramér’s V is preferred to phi because phi fails to
reach its minimum value of 0 (indicating no association) in these circumstances.
Goodman and Kruskal’s lambda (λ)- the statistic measures the proportional reduction in error
that is achieved when membership of a category of one variable is used to predict category
membership of the other variable. A value of 1 means that one variable perfectly predicts the
other, whereas a value of 0 indicates that one variable in no way predicts the other.
Case Study-Chi Square
Research questions: See Above hypotheses
1. Data level of measurement – what is the level of measurement for the data used in this case
study?
2. Are we analyzing means, proportions, correlation, or regression? Why and what does that
mean?
3. What test of assumption should we use? Why?
4. Will we have outliers?
5. What post-hoc analysis should we use? Why?
Paste Crosstabs for each research question.
To report the analysis of a Pearson’s chi-square test, it is often useful to present the chi-square
statistic, the degrees of freedom and the p-value. A breakdown of the reporting style for a
Pearson’s chi-square test: There was no significant difference in male or female proportions
between the control and treatment group (x2 (1) = 3.34; p=.057), where degrees of freedom and
the chi-square value are reported prior to p.
Page 2 of 3
HSCI 820
Write-up- Use these questions as a guide to write an abstract (paragraph). Use past tense.
The write-up must include the following. Use these questions as a guide.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What is the research question?
When would we use Chi-square and why?
What is the Pearson Chi-Square, and is it significant? How do you know?
What is Fisher’s exact test? Is it relevant/significant?
What do the statistical findings of the data suggest about the research question?
What are your thoughts on the finding of this analysis, and what are the practical
application(s) of this finding? Elaborate on what the study means, why, how you know,
and relate the findings to exercise physiology knowledge. Use references if needed.
(Hint- does this study “make sense?” What could influence results?)
Page 3 of 3
Chi Square dataInput males/females (make sure to define the data)
Sex/Gender
Male- 1
Females-2
Injury
Chronic- 1
Acute/Traumatic-2
Surgery
Yes- 1
No- 2
DisabilityYes-1
No- 2
Sex (define groups)
Surgery (define groups)
Disability (define groups)
Injury (define groups)
Sex
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
Injury
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
Surgery
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
Disability
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
L
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
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