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This paper is about the recycling of used tires. I will provide an outline, and there is a checklist here. I need you to provide accurate data in the paper. You can use tables or other data. It is also necessary to use some direct references and make sure that the paper has the things mentioned in the checklist.
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Improving the Efficiency of Tire Recycling
Research Background
Rapid developments in the automotive industry have resulted in a dramatic increase in tire
production in the world. While an increase in global tire production has economic benefits for tire
manufacturers and rubber producers, the effects of excessive disposal of end-of-life tires (EOLT)
on public health and the environment is a matter of both national and global concern. Consequently,
there is a need for not only developing and implementing cost-effective and environmentally
friendly recycling methods but also for effective coordination of recycling efforts among firms
that recycle used tires to improve the efficiency of tire recycling and contribute to environmental
protection.
Existing Theories and Experiments
Various theories have been developed to explain the reasons why waste management,
including the recycling of used tires, is important. For instance, the Waste Management Theory is
based on the premise that effective waste management holds the key to preventing the harm that
waste causes to the environment and human and animal health (Whiteman et al., 2021). Other
theories such as the 4Rs framework and the Waste Minimization Theory focus on minimizing the
toxicity and amount of hazardous waste produced. In addition to that, theoretical and experimental
investigations on pyrolysis, incineration, rubber devulcanization, physicochemical treatment, and
other sustainable used tire recycling technologies have revealed that tire recycling can help
minimize the negative effects of accumulated tire dumping (Afash et al., 2023).
Limitations in Current Academic Explanations
Research has in the past focused on environmental and public health protection, which
explains the main objectives of many studies on this subject matter: increasing product lifetime,
improving recycling rates, and minimizing waste generation (Ishola et al., 2018; Formela, 2021).
However, with used tire dumping increasing across the globe, and with tire production expected
to rise due to the growth of the automotive industry, very few studies have examined how the
creation of a platform for recycling used tires would not only enhance the efficiency of tire
recycling but also contribute to environmental. Similarly, while studies have examined the
increased emphasis on the importance of recycling used tires, there is a paucity of research on how
such efforts can be coordinated to make used tire recycling much more effective and efficient
(Sitepu et al., 2020). Research on barriers facing recycling of old tires is also minimal which makes
this study crucial. This study is significant because it explores how such a platform would connect
manufacturers of used tires in the United States with firms that recycle them, and how this platform
would help these companies generate money through government sponsorship. It also explores
how such a platform can help eradicate barriers to the recycling of used tires.
Research Questions/Objectives
–
How can the establishment of a platform for recycling used tires help improve the
efficiency of tire recycling and contribute to environmental protection?
–
What are the barriers to effective management and recycling of used tires?
Objectives
1. To identify the barriers to the recycling of used tires.
2. To enable readers to better understand how used tires are recycled and the contributions of
used tire recycling to environmental protection.
Literature Review
Various studies have provided theoretical and empirical evidence that the problems relating
to the recycling of used tires can be solved in various ways. According to Yerezhep et al. (2021),
in principle, all the available used tire recycling approaches or methods fall into two main groups
with varying effectiveness: chemical and physical. Unlike physical methods, chemical methods
result in irreversible changes in the rubber and its constituent substances like plasticizers, softeners,
and vulcanizers (Formela, 2021; Yerezhep et al., 2021). Further, experimental research has
established that all used tire recycling methods take place under three processing conditions:
processing at high temperatures, ordinary temperatures, and low temperatures – cryogenic methods
(Petrov et al., 2020). Further, preliminary empirical evidence shows that there are approximately
100 million tons of accumulated used tires with only 10 percent of these recoverable
(Tychengulova et al., 2021).
Most studies on used tires or EOLT recycling adopt similar approaches to recycling. For
instance, Ishola et al. (2018), Dobrota et al. (2020), Formela (2021), and Petrov et al. (2021) all
propose a holistic approach to waste management that encompasses various recycling techniques
or methods to promote proper handling, reduction, recycling, re-use, as well as disposal of used
tires and peradventures to transform used tires into an economically viable venture. A similar
approach is used in Sitepu et al. (2020) and Yerezhep et al.’s (2021) studies. Similarly, most studies
examine the issue of EOLT recycling using the same research method: a review of existing
literature that involves selecting journal articles, classifying identified articles based on their
proposals or arguments regarding recycling used tires and technology processing, and using
thematic analysis to analyze the articles.
Despite their similarities, studies on this subject matter have several differences. For
instance, different researchers hold different views about the efficiency or effectiveness of various
used tire recycling methods or approaches. For some, the physical methods of recycling used tires
are much more effective because they use less energy and do not include fire or explosion hazards
(Dobrota et al., 2020; Yerezhep et al., 2021). For others, chemical methods are more effective
because they make it possible to obtain new products from waste rubber recycling (Ishola et al.,
2018; Sitepu et al., 2020; Formela, 2021). The inspiration drawn from this literature review is that
used tire recycling can be much more efficient despite the challenges of rising accumulation and
dumping of these tires in the United States. Technological advances have seen the development of
recycling methods such as pyrolysis that could significantly enhance used tire recycling. My
argument is that creating a platform for recycling used tires would make tire recycling much more
efficient in addition to contributing to environmental protection. This would in turn help reduce
barriers such as high cost which have hampered recycling efforts.
Research Methods
To answer my research question, this research will use a qualitative design. This design
will combine reviewing secondary sources of information and collecting qualitative data on the
recycling and management of used tires. In particular, the researcher will conduct live interviews
with experts in the field of recycling and those working in recycling old tires to identify barriers
and challenges to recycling. One reason for using live interviews is that they provide an easy and
cost-effective way to reach participants (de Villiers et al., 2022). Specifically, the researcher will
interview 10 participants working in the field of recycling. Only those with at least three years of
experience in recycling will be involved in the study. All the participants will be from All
American Tire Recyclers, which is one of the biggest recycling companies in the USA.
Additionally, five representatives from the local government will be interviewed to get their views
on the barriers to recycling used tires.
Qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic analysis. Thematic analysis is one of the
widely used methods of analyzing qualitative research. This is because, unlike quantitative data
which deals with numbers, qualitative research mainly deals with unstructured data collected
through interviews and surveys. Therefore, in addition to providing an easy and cost-effective
approach to analyzing the qualitative data, the thematic analysis will also provide valuable
information regarding the benefits of and barriers to recycling used tires (Kiger & Varpio, 2020).
For this research, the data analysis process will involve performing live interviews with
participants, recording the interview, transcribing the data, and organizing the data. The researcher
will use Excel and MS Word tables to organize and group data. Once data cleaning is completed,
the researchers will extract codes and themes from the data and use them to reach a conclusion.
During and after the research, several ethical issues will be considered. First, the researcher
will protect personally identifiable information and any data collected from the participants. This
will be achieved through anonymization and storage of personal information in protected files.
Secondly, the research will ensure accurate analysis of data. This is crucial in protecting the
integrity of the research process and ensuring that the findings are a true reflection of the
participants’ views. Lastly, since the research will be conducted both via Zoom and physical
meetings, protecting participants’ health and well-being is paramount. The researcher will perform
a risk analysis to identify and address potential risks to the researcher and participants.
Reference
Afash, H., Ozarisoy, B., Altan, H., & Budayan, C. (2023). Recycling of tire waste using
pyrolysis: an environmental perspective. Sustainability, 15(19), 14178-14198.
de Villiers, C., Farooq, M. B., & Molinari, M. (2022). Qualitative research interviews using online video
technology–challenges and opportunities. Meditari Accountancy Research, 30(6), 1764-1782.
Dobrota, D., Dobrota, G., & Dobrescu, T. (2020). Improvement of waste tire recycling
technology based on a new tire markings. Journal of Cleaner Production, 260: 121141121153.
Formela, K. (2021). Sustainable development of waste tires recycling technologies – recent
advances, challenges, and future trends. Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer
Research, 4: 209-222.
Ishola, F., Oluseyi, A., & Oyawale, F. (2018). Sustainable End-of-Life Tire (EOLT)
Management for Developing Countries – A Review. Proceedings of the International
Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management,
Pretoria/Johannesburg, South Africa, October 29 – November 1, 2018.
http://ieomsociety.org/southafrica2018/papers/311.pdf.
Kiger, M. E., & Varpio, L. (2020). Thematic analysis of qualitative data: AMEE Guide No.
131. Medical teacher, 42(8), 846-854.
Petrov, Y., Khadikov, M., Kibizov, S., & Sokolov, A. (2021). Improving the efficiency of
recycling used tires. Proceedings of the XIII International Scientific Conference on
Architecture and Construction, 130: 290-298.
Sitepu, M., Armayani, A., & Sembiring, M. (2020). Used tires recycle management and
processing: A review. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 801:
012116. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/801/1/012116/pdf.
Whiteman, A., Webster, M., & Wilson, D. (2021). The nine development bands: a conceptual
framework and global theory for waste and development. Waste Management and
Research, 39(10), 1218-1236.
Yerezhep, D., Tychengulova, A., Sokolov, D., & Aldiyarov, A. (2021). A multi-faceted approach
for cryogenic waste tire recycling. Polymers, 13: 2494-2508.
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