Description
I must demonstrate that my team conducted research on their specific BIOSatellite Mission Objective and formulated educated ideas about how mission success criteria will be achieved in the future. My part of the presentation is the planning which is one of the four (4) functions of management in their presentation. I have attached all the resources that may be reliable. I would like 2 slides about the planning process of the requirements given. My mission objective is MO-1 , mission success criteria is MSC-1, mission constraints and requirements is MIS_REQ_1, which are highlighted in yellow in the powerpoint that explains the project. The pdf explains our goals. the planning slides could be a process chart, steps or bullet points. I would like it to be a bit detailed and would want a paragraph that has the oral part that I have to say about my part. I would be presenting for about 3 minutes.in total there would be two slides, and a 3-minute paragraph of what I have to say about my part.
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University of South Florida
BIOSat: Botany in Orbit Satellite
Mission Overview: Background
• Fresh food in space is limited often leading to freeze dried alternatives
which has minimal nutritional value.
• The ISS is growing nutritional plants however space and resource
constraints along with high costs limit experimental progress.
• The mission of BIOSat is to autonomously grow red romaine lettuce for
NASA to further investigate candidate plants for nutritional diversity. This
closed loop system will autonomously grow a plant while exposing it to
radiation and the effects of microgravity in the LEO environment.
• These results will expand NASA’s understanding of plant stressors in
space and further nutritional variety for astronauts in deep space
exploration while minimizing overall cost, safety, and size requirements.
University of South Florida
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Mission Overview: Why does BIOSat
Matter?
• BIOSat offers a fully autonomous plant health monitoring and growth
system for crew members to prioritize other important tasks.
• BIOSat leverages the CubeSat 12U form-factor and can investigate the
effect of radiation on plant growth which is a key stressor not explored yet
since plants are shielded from radiation on the ISS.
• Plant pathogen testing can be further explored due to this isolated system,
ensuring crew members can be kept safe and are not at-risk of exposure.
University of South Florida
3
Mission Overview: NASA Relevance
• Addressing food production challenges in space by investigating
plant growth both in and beyond Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
• Exploring effects of microgravity and high radiation on plant growth
• Providing nutritional diversity to astronauts by growing NASA
defined candidate plants without straining ISS resources
University of South Florida
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Mission Statement
Investigate the effects of
microgravity and radiation on plant
development in an autonomous
plant growth system and compare
resulting data to Earth controlled
subjects to understand the
impacts of growing plants in
space.
University of South Florida
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Mission Objectives
Criteria Identifier
Description
MO-1
Germinate a Red Romaine Lettuce seed within 30-days.
MO-2
Monitor and record nutrient dissemination, emissions release, and photosynthetic
activity within the microgravity environment and its radiation exposure.
MO-3
Collect and transmit data (both experimental and vehicle) back to Earth via
downlinking to a ground station for comprehensive analysis and dissemination to
the scientific community.
MO-4
Model the impacts of microgravity and radiation on plant morphology, emissions,
and overall plant health from the data collected by the roots and leaves.
MO-5
Compare any discrepancies in the foliage growth, gaseous emissions, and
vegetable production in the microgravity environment and its radiation exposure
with control samples grown under normal Earth gravity conditions tested before
launch.
University of South Florida
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Mission Success Criteria
Criteria Identifier
MSC-1
MSC-2
Description
Minimum Success Criteria
Full Success Criteria
Red Romaine Lettuce seed
shall germinate and mature
past root and leaf growth
Red Romaine Lettuce seed
germinates within a 30-day
experiment including roots
Red Romaine Lettuce
seed germinates and
matures to a head of
lettuce with a diameter of
5 cm (TBR) including root
and leaf growth, within a
30-day experiment
Payload sensor array data
shall be transmitted on orbit
during the experimental
execution phase
Payload sensor array working
specifically humidity,
temperature, and CO2 sensor
data is transmitted from the
satellite on orbit during the
experimental execution
phase for at least a 30-day
mission
All of the payload sensor
array data is transmitted
from the satellite on orbit
during the experimental
execution phase for at
least a 30-day mission
University of South Florida
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Mission Success Criteria, Continued
Criteria Identifier
Description
Minimum Success Criteria
Full Success Criteria
MSC-3
Optical cameras shall
capture and transmit images
of the plant’s leaves and
root systems to be used for
modeling and comparison to
on ground experiments
Capture and transmit 30
images within a 30-day
experiment. (1 image of the
sprout zone and 1 image of
the root zone captured every
day)
Capture and transmit 60
images within a 30-day
experiment. (1 image of
the sprout zone and 1
image of the root zone
captured every day)
MSC-4
Hyperspectral camera shall
capture and transmit images
for bacterial growth and
radiation analysis to model
and compare to on ground
experiments
Capture and transmit 15
images within a 30-day
experiment (1 image of the
leaf zone every day)
Capture and transmit 30
images within a 30-day
experiment (1 image of
the leaf zone every day)
University of South Florida
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Mission Constraints and Requirements
ID
Requirement
Rationale
MIS_REQ_1
LED Grow Light
The red romaine lettuce needs light intensity of 200250 umol/m2/s (PAR is typical unit) with a light
wavelength of 400-700 nm for 16-18 hours a day.
MIS_REQ_2
Compressed Air Tank
and Fans
The red romaine lettuce needs 0.3-0.5 m/s of air
velocity.
MIS_REQ_3
Heater and Insulation
The red romaine lettuce needs to have a day
temperature of 22-25 C and a night temperature of 1820 C.
MIS_REQ_4
Sensor Array
Humidity, pH, alcohol, ethylene, temperature, CO2,
and O2 need to be measured.
University of South Florida
9
Mission Constraints and Requirements,
Continued
ID
Requirement
Rationale
MIS_REQ_5
Water Tank
The red romaine lettuce needs sufficient reverse
osmosis water, supplied by water wicking method,
with a specific nutrient level.
MIS_REQ_6
Compressed CO2 Tank
The red romaine lettuce needs a CO2 concentration of
1000-1500 ppm.
MIS_REQ_7
Pressure Gauge
The plant chamber cannot have a pressure exceeding
a 14.7 psi ( TBR).
Dosimeter
To assess the radiation exposed to red romaine
lettuce a dosimeter needs to estimate radiation
conditions.
MIS_REQ_8
University of South Florida
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Payload Design
3
4
1
2
9
5
10
11
12
13
6
7
8
15 16
17
18
19
14
20
21
1.
LED
12. O2 Sensor
2.
Intake Outlet
13. Alcohol Sensor
3.
CO2 Gas Valve
14. Temp and Humidity Sensor
4.
5.
Compressed Air Gas Valve 15. pH Sensor
Input Fan
16. Beeswax Seal
6.
Hyperspectral Camera
17. Optical/Fisheye Camera 2
7.
Optical/ Fisheye Camera 1
18. Isolation Box
8.
Output Fan
19. Cocopeat
9.
Outtake Outlet
20. Nylon Wick
10. Ethylene Sensor
21. Water Reservoir
11. CO2 Sensor
22. Heated Insulation
22
University of South Florida
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Experiment Plan: Task 1
Task 1: Plant Health Monitoring System (PHMS) Check
• Deploy a sensor array with O2, CO2, alcohol, ethylene, pH,
temperature, and humidity sensors to monitor plant health.
• Chamber uses air and CO2 pumps to regulate conditions, with
CO2 active during 16-hour light periods and inactive for 8 hours
of darkness
• Maintain an air flow rate of 0.4 m/s for red romaine lettuce
growth
• Humidity and pH sensors in coco peat and water chamber
respectively ensure complete environmental monitoring
• Machine learning will analyze sensor data to determine
chemical pattern
• Ultimately identify critical plant health chemicals and comparing
plant root development with Earth-grown specimens
University of South Florida
12
Experiment Plan: Task 2
Task 2: Water Wicking System Check
• Implement a water-wicking system with a coco peat pellet in an
isolation box for microgravity irrigation.
• Seeds tied to coco peat with nylon thread ensure stability and
nutrient delivery. A water reservoir and nylon thread guide water to
the coco peat in the CubeSat’s bottom portion
• Use different viewing angles to visually assess water levels in the
irrigation system
• AnyLeaf pH sensor monitors optimal water pH
• Use of reverse osmosis water ensures optimal water quality
• Collect data on pH levels, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and
potential pathogen growth to expand our understanding of water
aeration in space agriculture
University of South Florida
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Experiment Plan: Task 3
Task 3: Collect Plant Response to LEO Stressors Over Time
• Investigate the impact of microgravity and radiation on the growth of
plants, the absorption of water in plants, and the nutrient levels in plants.
Monitor plant health and growth using sensors and cameras in the
developed chambers
• Analyze the effects of the satellite’s rotation on the distribution of oxygen
and water in the root zone
• Compare this data with on-Earth experiments, and explore the
correlation between the rotation of the chambers and plant
photosynthesis
• Examine the structure of the plants (leaves, stems, roots) to evaluate
the influence of gravity on growth
• Process images and sensor data using machine learning for
comprehensive analysis
University of South Florida
14
Concept of Operations (CONOPS)
• The ideal orbit path has been determined that in a worstcase scenario a polar orbit with an inclination of 96° and
an altitude of 402 km would suffice for this satellite.
• The worst-case scenario path for the BIOSat in green and
best-case scenario in pink. The ISS path has been
provided for reference as well.
• The intended grounding station which has been defined
as the commercial Kongsberg Satellite Services (KSAT)
Svalbard Satellite Station in Norway
• Currently, other orbits and ground stations are being
investigated as alternatives that can work.
University of South Florida
15
CONOPS: Mission
Life
Detumble 4
hours
RF Silence
~1 hour
Downlink
Experimental
Mode
End of
Mission
~35 Days
Deorbit
~5 Years
Launch
University of South Florida
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CONOPS: Mission Day
5.33 Orbits (8hrs)
10.67 Orbits (16hrs)
4. Downlink
3. Prepare for
downlink
5. Continue to
downlink and orbit in
daytime until nighttime
6. Start
Nighttime
7. Collect
nighttime
data
2. Collect day
time data
Eclipse
Eclipse
1. Start
Daytime
University of South Florida
9. Downlink
8. Prepare
for
downlink
17
Experiment
CONOPS: Modes
Safe
This mode is
specifically for
when launching
the satellite.
Consequently, all
subsystems will
be off.
University of South Florida
Occurs once at the very end of the
experiment.
Detumble
This mode requires the
use of the ADCS for
positioning to downlink
original data.
Experiment mode will
be the key mode as
our satellite will be in
experiment mode for
30 days. The various
subsystems will be in
use at a time most
notable the payloads
life support and
sensor array. For a
complete overview of
the subsystems in
use, see the Budget
Summary Power
Draw page.
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CONOPS
Initial
Deployment
Setup
Launch
Detumble
Establish
Comm.
30-Day
Experiment
Induced
Night
N
Deorbit
Start Here
Induced
Day
Y
N
16th hour
of day?
N
8th hour
of day?
Y
University of South Florida
8th hour
of night?
Y
N
Measure for
90min and
images
4th hour
of night?
Y
Measure
for 90min
19
Z
Y
Spacecraft Overview
EPS (Energy Power System)
• 4 Array of solar cells each with a peak power of 17.33W
ADCS
• Three-axis stabilization with large reaction wheels
• Water reservoir
X
• LED light
• CO2 and O2 tanks
• Heater
COMM
• Radio (S-Band) with circular polarization
Data Collection
• Payload data produced is 314MB
Payload/Life Support
At least 1 of the 4
body-mounted
solar arrays
generally sun
pointing
• 1 Hyperspectral cameras
• 2 Optical cameras
• Sensor Array: ethylene, oxygen, pH, CO2, humidity,
temperature, and alcohol
• Fans
University of South Florida
20
Y
Spacecraft Layout
Z
X
• 12U CubeSat form factor: 3U x 2U x 2U
• ~20 kg
• 3U environmental chamber supports red romaine lettuce
• S-band radio
• 4 array body-mounted solar cells on 3U x 2U faces
S-band antenna
University of South Florida
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