Description
When working with vulnerable populations in healthcare, providers must use appropriate, empowering, and up-to-date terminology. As Carroll (2019) discusses, language referring to vulnerable groups has evolved to be more inclusive and respectful. Specific terms should be avoided, while others must be updated to reflect current recommendations. For example, blanket labels like “the poor,” “the needy,” or “minorities” are now seen as demeaning or dismissive. They reduce whole groups of people down to a single characteristic. More specifically, person-first language is preferred, such as “people experiencing poverty,” “people with low income,” or referring to someone’s distinct racial, ethnic, or cultural identity (Carroll, 2019), which maintains dignity and recognizes that difficult circumstances do not solely define a human being.
Additionally, the disabled community has advocated for “people-first” phrasing like “person with a disability” rather than “disabled person” (Carroll, 2019). The LGBTQ community has stressed the importance of allowing people to self-identify their gender and orientation without presumption. Terms related to mental health and substance abuse have shifted from words like “addict” to phrases like “person with a substance use disorder” to avoid reductionist labeling (Carroll, 2019). When unsure of the appropriate term, it is best to involve patients/clients in defining their identities and preferences. Being open to correction if terminology offends is also crucial (Freij et al., 2021). Language continues to evolve, so maintaining cultural humility and checking current recommendations is ongoing.
Beyond specific labels, healthcare communication should aim to be inclusive, clear, and empowering for vulnerable groups. Strategies include using plain language rather than medical jargon, providing translators, incorporating visual aids and teach-back education techniques, and actively
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listening to patients’ concerns (Freij et al., 2021). A person-centered approach builds rapport, establishes trust, and conveys respect. As Carroll (2019) concludes, language has power. The terminology providers use to refer to those they serve should not demean, stereotype, or reduce people to a single trait or circumstance. A more positive relationship with vulnerable populations can be built using current, person-centered, and culturally informed terms.
References
Carroll, S. M. (2019). Respecting and empowering vulnerable populations: Contemporary terminology. Journal of Nurse Practitioners, 15(3), 228- 231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2018.12.031
Freij, M., Skillman, M., Cross-Barnet, C., Friedman Singer, R., Rotondo, C., Dougherty, M., … & Page Snyder, L. (2021). Lessons from the health care innovation awards: Productively engaging vulnerable populations
