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Your PowerPoint presentation should have:
Title slide with student names
Brief overview of theorist’s background
Discussion of theorist’s view of the 4 basic concepts of nursing metaparadigms
Discuss the basic theoretical assumptions and/or propositions
Diagram of theory
Identify other concepts unique to theory and their relationship to each other
Present and explain theory (analysis of the theory)
An analysis and a critique of the model
Elaboration of the theory’s implications for nursing practice, nursing education, and nursing research.
Include a brief summary and reference (top of slide) for the each of the 4 to 5 articles. (must include at least one primary, one secondary, and one research article). Select articles from published a peer reviewed, scholarly journals (5-year-old or less unless it is a primary article from the theorist)
Conclusion
References
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The Theory of Human
Caring
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Student 1
Student 2
Student 3
Student 4
1
JEAN WATSON as a Theorist
Dr. Jean Watson is a nurse theorist.
She developed the Theory of Human Caring.
Her theory emphasizes on a caring approach in
treatment mutually between the nurse and the patient
(Drenkard,2020).
2
Watson’s view of basic nursing
metaparadigms
The views are health, care, person and environment
(Drenkard,2020).
Watson views basic nursing as:
1) Promotion of health for patients.
2) Prevention of illness for patients.
3) Showing care to the sick.
4) The restoration of health for the sick by nurses.
3
Assumptions of The Theory of
Human Caring
Caring can only be performed between people.
Curative factors such as caring satisfy some human
needs and lead to satisfaction and contentment.
Effective care fosters personal or family development
as well as health promotion .
Caring accepts a person where he or she can end up.
4
Assumptions cont’
A caring environment that allows potential
development offers choice to one according to what
is better at a particular moment.
The art of curing is supplementary with the art of
caring.
Care in its natural form provides the meaning of
nursing.
5
Diagram of The Theory of Human caring
Care
recipient(s)
Actions of nursing(caring)
Nursing
Environment
Factors(internal
& External
Person
Health
Health
6
Unique concepts of the Theory
Relational Caring for Self and other people based
on a moral, ethical or philosophical foundation.
Trans-personal caring relationship. Going beyond
ego to highly spiritual created by caring moments
Commitment to act with morals to protect and
promote dignity of human being.
Responding to the person’s need, wish, routine,
ritual, etc.
Caring conscious connection of the self as an
individual/nurse and another individual as an
individual—connection (Kautz,2021).
7
Unique concepts cont’
Heal-centered, healing caring that involves mind-body
and spirit wholeness of self and others.
Inner harmony (equanimity)—maintaining balance.
An intention to “serve” or be with someone else who
requires help.
The way that you care for patients is determined by
the ‘what’ (caring conscious intention) you are doing
and ‘how’ you are doing it (Fawcet,2019)
Authentic presence is honoring and connecting human
with human.
8
Analysis of the Theory
Focuses on the wholeness to develop an environment
for healing and wellness (Watson,2008)
Caring as a trans-personal approach works over the
ego-orientation and encompasses the individuality of
man.
It involves both parties involved; inter-subjective,
accepted by the two parties and reciprocated between
the participants (Fawcett, 2019).
9
Critique of the Theory of Human Caring
The theory analyzes the basic nursing views; Health,
person, nursing and environment
(McEwan&Wills,2019)
The theory is clear and concise in its statement.
This theory aligns with tests carried out using it in
nursing (Kautz, 2020)
10
Critique of the theory cont’
The results of tests done using the theory align with
the theory’s propositions.
The application of the theory needs educational
knowledge in the field of nursing (Drenkard, 2020).
11
Implications of the theory on Nursing
practice, education and research.
Employing kindness to approach oneself and others.
Manifesting an example of hope and faith to show
inspiration to others.
Employing trust between oneself and other people.
Cultivating good relations through trust and caring
deeds.
Show problem solving by showing care to others.
Showing appreciation and welcoming the miracle of
healing.
12
Implications of the theory cont’
Nurses have peace of mind by employing its beliefs and
values.
Nurses show critical significance in workplaces by caring.
Proper interaction is fostered among nurses and between
them and patients (McEwen,2019).
Empathic relations are created using the theory in the
research and nursing stations.
Promotion of authentic and spiritual relations between nurses
and patients and also other nurses.
Promotion of realistic nursing practice involving students and
patients.
In depth learning posing exciting challenges and giving
rewards to nurses.
13
Conclusion
Watson’s theory promotes caring
for oneself and others by using
the caritas processes. A
connection characterized by
humanity is made and affects
wellness and health. In the
nursing practice, this theory is
employed widely. Nurses are at
the center of it all and they use it
to relate well among themselves
and with the patients physically
and emotionally.
14
References
Drenkard. K.N. (2020). Integrating human caring science into a
professional nursing practice model. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of
North America, 20(4),403-414
Fawcett, J. (2019). Criteria for evaluation of theory. Nursing Science
Quarterly, 18(2), 131-135. doi: 10.1177/0894318405275860
Kautz, D. (2021). Applying Watson’s caring theory and caritas processes
to ease life transitions. International Journal For Human Caring, 14(1),
11-14.
McEwen, M. & Wills, E.M. (2019). Theoretical basis for nursing (3rd ed.)
Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Watson, J. (2008). Nursing: The philosophy and science of caring (revised
ed.).Boulder, CO: University Press of Colorado.
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